微藻处理型废水及其特性研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.12.002

华电技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 10-16.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.12.002

微藻处理型废水及其特性研究进展

崔元捷¹(), 张红兵¹^,^*, 何恒²(), 陈铁军²(), 郭帆²

1.河北经贸大学生物科学与工程学院,石家庄 050061
2.华电水务科技股份有限公司,北京 100070

收稿日期:2021-06-10 修回日期:2021-09-27 出版日期:2021-12-25 发布日期:2021-12-10
通讯作者: 张红兵
作者简介:崔元捷（1997—）,男,山西临汾人,在读硕士研究生,从事生物工程及水污染处理方面的研究（E‑mail： 572258716@qq.com）。
何恒（1975—）,男,河南南阳人,工程师,从事水污染治理、水厂工艺设计、水厂运维等方面的研究（E‑mail： heh@chec.com.cn）。
陈铁军（1985—）,男,河北承德人,高级工程师,从事水处理及水污染治理方面的研究（E‑mail： chentj@chec.com.cn）。
郭帆（1986—）,男,河北石家庄人,工程师,从事水处理及水污染治理方面的研究（E‑mail： 450826609@qq.com）。
基金资助:
河北省科技厅重点研发项目(18273612D);石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(191240243A)

Research progress of wastewater processed by microalgae

CUI Yuanjie¹(), ZHANG Hongbing¹^,^*, HE Heng²(), CHEN Tiejun²(), GUO Fan²

1. Biological Science and Engineering Institute,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China
2. Huadian Water Technology Company Limited,Beijing 100070,China

Received:2021-06-10 Revised:2021-09-27 Online:2021-12-25 Published:2021-12-10
Contact: ZHANG Hongbing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微藻在异养条件下可利用废水中的各种营养物质生长,在去除废水中的高营养物质和金属元素的同时生产生物燃料、生物活性物质、饲料添加剂等有益成分,是实现废水净化与生物质生产耦合的一种生物技术平台,具有效益良好、可持续性强的特点。然而气候条件、废水成分差异等原因对微藻大规模培养产生影响。参考近年来国内外利用各种废水进行微藻养殖的研究,综述不同废水的特点及其对微藻养殖造成的影响,介绍废水存在的营养缺乏、底物抑制、毒性和共存微生物等问题的解决方案。

关键词: 废水处理, 微藻, 生物质生产, 营养物质, 微生物抑制, 悬浮物

Abstract:

Nourishing heterotrophic microalgae by various nutrients in wastewater can remove nutrients and metal elements from wastewater,and produce biofuels,bioactive substances,feed additives and other beneficial ingredients at the same time.It is a biotechnological platform coupling wastewater purification and biomass production,which is both profitable and sustainable.However,different climatic conditions and wastewater composition have posed problems on the large-scale cultivation of microalgae.Recent domestic and international researches on microalgae culture by eutrophic wastewater described the influence of different wastewater characteristics on microalgae growth,and provided solutions for the nutrient deficiency,substrate inhibition,toxicity and co-existing microorganisms existing in microalgae culture in wastewater.

Key words: wastewater treatment, microalgae, biomass production, nutrients, microbial inhibition, suspended matter

中图分类号:

X52：TK09

崔元捷, 张红兵, 何恒, 陈铁军, 郭帆. 微藻处理型废水及其特性研究进展[J]. 华电技术, 2021, 43(12): 10-16.

CUI Yuanjie, ZHANG Hongbing, HE Heng, CHEN Tiejun, GUO Fan. Research progress of wastewater processed by microalgae[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(12): 10-16.

图/表 4

图1

表1

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表3

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类型	来源	氮/(mg·L^-1)				磷/(mg·L^-1)		碳/(mg·L^-1)
类型	来源	NO₃-N	NH₄-N	TKN	TN	PO₄-P	TP	COD	TOC
工业废水	酿酒厂	2.0~11.0	3.0~106.0	—	—		57.0~326.0	565.0~7 837.0	—
	地毯厂	0~28.0	18.0~26.0	—	—	20.0~35.0	—	1 412.0	—
	乳品厂	<1.0	120.0~350.0	—	—	—	35.0~350.0	2 000.0~20 213.0	—
	石油、金属和化工	1.9	1.1	—	—	—	—	1 200.0	—
	仪表厂	—	67.0	128.6	—	—	120.6	—	—
	淀粉厂	—	49.0~115.0	—	—	—	50.0~385.0	2 470.0~15 440.0	—
	木材制浆造纸	—	—	—	—	—	—	1 248.0	—
农业废水	马铃薯加工	54.0	12.0	—	—	48.0	—	745.0	—
农业废水	稻米加工	—	—	—	25.0~95.0	12.0~94.0	—	2 578.0~6 480.0	—
城市废水	生活废水	—	25.0~66.0	—	—	7.0~12.0	—	400.0~500.0	—
	垃圾渗滤液	—	112.0~192.0	—	—	7.0~9.0	—	3 725.0~4 861.0	—
	下水道污水	1.0	23.0~219.0	—	—	1.0~12.0	—	183.0~380.0	—
厌氧消化废水	养牛场粪便	<1.0	1 279.0~1 961.0	—	—	—	240.0	4 855.0~4 945.0	—
	城镇废水	—	646.0	—	—	101.0	—	—	76.0
	猪舍粪便	—	324.0~656.0	—	—	117.0	—	—	1 247.0

来源	COD/(mg·L^-1)	BOD/(mg·L^-1)	TOC/(mg·L^-1)	NH₄-N/(mg·L^-1)	TN/(mg·L^-1)	TP/(mg·L^-1)	TSS/(mg·L^-1)	pH值
钢铁工业	150.00~ 6 000.00	—	—	10.00~300.00	7.00~8.00	—	500.00~ 2 500.00	7.00~8.00
医药化工	240.00~ 35 600.00	800.00~ 114 000.00	—	<0.20	5.25~ 7 500.00	89.00~ 4 200.00	0.06~1679.00	<1.00~6.70
纺织工业	728.00~ 6 000.00	250.00~ 700.00	90.60~108.00	4.80~100.00	21.00~57.00	0.83~120.00	16.00~46.00	7.80~10.40
采矿	—	—	27.30	—	0.20	0.23	—	4.20
橄榄油磨坊	—	—	26 460.00~ 32 680.00	—	410.00~ 1 020.00	30.00~ 1 000.00	41 900.00~ 54 760.00	4.90~5.10
食品加工	440.00~ 3 500.00	132.00~ 16 000.00	—	—	5.70~9.50	4.00~57.30	2.43~ 13 300.00	6.35~7.00
皮革加工	16 000.00	5 000.00	—	450.00	273.00	21.00	—	—
地毯制造	106.00~1 412.00	2.00~487.00	—	0.57~25.85	—	3.47~13.83	4.00~268.00	6.50~8.00
制浆造纸	1 120.00~ 1 160.00	200.00~ 210.00	—	—	—	—	80.00~90.00	5.50~6.80
乳品业	10 251.20	4 840.60	—	—	663.00	153.60	5 802.60	8.34
制糖业	1 360.00~ 2 000.00	300.00~ 2 200.00	—	—	—	—	220.00~ 790.00	6.50~8.80

参数	数值	参数	数值
COD/(g·m^-3)	300.0~900.0	铝/(mg·m^-3)	350.0~1 000.0
BOD/(g·m^-3)	140.0~350.0	镉/(mg·m^-3)	1.0~4.0
TN/(g·m^-3)	30.0~100.0	铬/(mg·m^-3)	10.0~25.0
NH₄-N/(g·m^-3)	20.0~75.0	铜/(mg·m^-3)	30.0~70.0
NO₃-N+NO₂-N/ (g·m^-3)	0.1~0.5	铅/(mg·m^-3)	25.0~80.0
DON/(g·m^-3)	10.0~25.0	汞/(mg·m^-3)	1.0~3.0
TKN/(g·m^-3)	30.0~100.0	TSS/(g·m^-3)	250.0~600.0
TP/(g·m^-3)	6.0~25.0	VSS/(g·m^-3)	200.0~480.0
PO₄-P/(g·m^-3)	4.0~15.0	pH值	7~8
DOP/(g·m^-3)	2.0~10.0

微藻处理型废水及其特性研究进展

Research progress of wastewater processed by microalgae

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