云储能模式下的配电网分布式光伏-储能无功优化方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.06.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对高比例分布式光伏接入配电网系统后引起的功率波动、电压越限以及配电网线路过载、线路损耗大等问题，提出了一种云储能模式下的配电网分布式光伏-储能无功优化方法。该方法基于无功补偿价格机制激励云储能参与配电网调压辅助服务，并深入挖掘分布式光伏、静止无功补偿器（SVC）、并联电容器（SC）、有载调压变压器（OLTC）的调压潜力。最后，以配电网运行成本和电压偏差最小为优化目标，建立基于云储能灵活调控的配电网多灵活性资源经济优化模型。仿真分析表明，云储能参与配电网系统有功无功联合优化有利于平抑配电网电压波动，并降低无功补偿装置调压压力和减少线路功率损耗，使配电网系统运行更加安全经济。

关键词: 配电网, 云储能, 分布式光伏, 无功补偿, 电网运行成本, 电压偏差

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems caused by the access of high-proportion distributed photovoltaic to distribution networks， such as power fluctuations， over-limit voltages， line overloads and excessive line losses， a distributed photovoltaic-energy storage reactive power optimization method for distribution networks taking cloud energy storage mode is proposed. The method takes reactive power compensation price mechanism to encourage cloud energy storage devices to participate in distribution network voltage regulation auxiliary services， and fully employs the voltage regulation capacities of distributed photovoltaic panels， static var compensators（SVCs）， shunt capacitors（SCs） and on-load tap changers（OLTCs）. Finally， taking the minimum operation cost and minimum voltage deviation of a distribution network as optimization objectives， an economic optimization model of the distribution network system based on the flexible multi- resources regulation of cloud energy storage devices is established. Simulation analysis shows that the participation of cloud energy storage in the joint optimization of active and reactive power is helpful to stabilize the voltage fluctuation of the distribution network， alleviate the voltage regulation pressure of the reactive power compensation device and reduce the line power loss， guaranteeing the safe and economic operation of the distribution network system.

Key words: distribution network, cloud energy storage, distributed photovoltaic, reactive power compensation, network operational cost, voltage deviation

中图分类号:

TK01

王林, 孔小民, 周忠玉, 刘建平, 王晓东, 张宁. 云储能模式下的配电网分布式光伏-储能无功优化方法[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2024, 46(6): 44-53.

WANG Lin, KONG Xiaomin, ZHOU Zhongyu, LIU Jianping, WANG Xiaodong, ZHANG Ning. Distributed photovoltaic-energy storage reactive power optimization method for distribution networks under cloud energy storage mode[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46(6): 44-53.

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参数	数值
储能最大容量/（kW∙h）	1 000
储能最大功率/kW）	400
电池寿命周期/a	8
储能容量投资成本/[元·（kW∙h）^-1]	300
功率投资成本/（元·kW^-1）	100
储能功率年维护成本/（元·kW^-1）	72
每小时无功补偿价格/[元·（kV∙A）^-1]	0.2
功率因数上/下限	0.95/0.75

参数	OLTC	SC1	SC2	SC3	SVC
范围	0.95~1.05	0~0.50	0~0.75	0~0.35	0~0.60
步长	0.01	50.00	50.00	50.00	连续
挡位	±5	10	15	7	—

c₁	c₂	F_grid	D_u
0.3	0.7	33 131.53	0.234 24
0.4	0.6	33 121.77	0.389 79
0.5	0.5	33 044.17	0.422 81
0.6	0.4	32 951.69	0.514 04
0.7	0.3	32 956.81	0.656 42

成本类型	案例1	案例2	案例3
线路功率损耗	298.90	254.13	253.06
向上级电网购电	33 954.08	28 705.03	28 702.40
云储能充放电		2 619.47	2 619.72
云储能无功补偿			304.06
无功补偿装置调压	1 248.12	1 366.06	1 164.92
总成本	35 501.10	32 944.69	33 044.16

案例	平均电压偏差（标幺值）	改善率/%	线路损耗/kW	改善率/%
1	0.006 4		301.75
2	0.006 2	3.1	282.77	6.3
3	0.006 1	4.7	278.71	7.6