Abstract: Gasification is an effective way for clean and efficient utilization of coal.However，due to the poor performance and operation level of gasifier and its equipment at present，a large number of coarse gasification slag and fine gasification slag will be produced.The composition of the coarse gasification slag is similar to boiler ash and slag，which can be used as materials for buildings，road bridges and polyblends.However，gasification fine slag cannot be directly used as building and road materials for its high carbon content and high burning loss，which takes landfill disposal as its most important treatment method at present.This method not only wastes land，but also fails to recover the residual carbon，which is of poor economic and environmental performance.Economic，environmental and efficient processing of gasification fine slag is a major challenges for coal gasification enterprises.The basic physical and chemical characteristics of fine slag produced by a few typical gasifiers are summarized，including its high unburned carbon and silica-alumina contents，wide specific surface area and developed pore structure.Its research progress and application prospects in being processed by flotation separation technology and water treatment technology，and being taken as coal blends for combustion，soil amelioration，synthesic and preparation materials are compared.

Key words: coal gasification fine slag, flotation, co-combustion, resources utilization, comprehensive utilization