Linearized calculation method of critical inertia in energy power systems with renewable energy and its application

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.09.002

Abstract

Abstract:

With the increase of new energy sources and converter feed-ins， the equivalent inertia of a power system continuously decreases， leading to instable power systems with high-proportion new energy and massive electronic devices accessed. Critical inertia，the lower limit of the inertia， represents safety boundary of grid frequency，and it is a key parameter in judging the safety of the power grid. However， the solving process is complex since the parameter is nonlinear. In view of this， a linearized calculation method for critical inertia of the energy system with renewable energy is proposed. By introducing the critical inertias corresponding to the two boundary constraints， the lowest frequency and the maximum frequency variation rate， the equivalent rotor motion equation of the grid is established，and the primary frequency response process of a synchronous generator set is linearized， realizing the linearized analytical solution for the critical inertia. Finally， the accuracy of the calculation results is verified through PSASP software simulation executed on an actual power grid model.

Key words: critical inertia, safety constraint of the lowest frequency, safety constraint of the frequency variation rate, renewable energy system

CLC Number:

TK01：TM744

HONG Liu, LYU Daoxin, YANG Zhongtao, MA Shaowu, JIANG Xue. Linearized calculation method of critical inertia in energy power systems with renewable energy and its application[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2025, 47(9): 10-17.

Figures/Tables 11

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电源	装机容量	电源	装机容量
火电厂1	1 320	火电厂9	450
火电厂2	356	火电厂10	120
火电厂3	768	光伏场	300
火电厂4	600	风电场	554
火电厂5	4 500	互联电网等值电源1	510
火电厂6	2 370	互联电网等值电源2	2 510
火电厂7	1 980	互联电网等值电源3	1 560
火电厂8	2 430

故障场景		临界惯量H_min
新能源低渗透率	①特高压直流闭锁	2.03
新能源低渗透率	②大机组脱网	0.93
新能源高渗透率	③特高压直流闭锁	2.22
新能源高渗透率	④大机组脱网	1.03

故障场景	临界惯量H_min/s	新能源可新增并网容量/GW
特高压直流闭锁	2.22	13.225
大机组脱网	1.03	49.442