Effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on health and ecosystem and their treatment technology

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.12.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances（PFASs） have been widely used for their excellent characteristics of oil resistance,water resistance,anti-fouling and anti-mud,chemical resistance,high-temperature resistance,friction-reducing ability and surface activity.Studies shows that certain PFASs,such as perfluorooctanoic acid（PFOA）and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid（PFOS）,can persistent in human bodies for a long time and cause negative effects on health.By collecting and sorting out different papers,the chemical effects,impacts and transferring methods of PFASs were summarized.The basic properties and generating sources,influences on human health and ecosystem and collection and disposal measurements of PFASs were introduced.

Key words: PFAS, human health, ecosystem, transfer, collection and treatment

CLC Number:

X503

CHEN Shaoliang, CHENG Hongyan, CHEN Beiyang, Abdul Ghani RAZAQPUR, HUANG Jinhui. Effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on health and ecosystem and their treatment technology[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2021, 43(12): 1-9.

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项目	具体特性
物理状态	白色粉末（钾盐）
相对分子质量/(g·mol^-1)	500.126
沸点/℃	258~260
25 ℃下溶解度/(mg·L^-1)	680
25 ℃下蒸气气压/mPa	266.64
标化分配系数Koc	2.57
酸度系数pKa	<1.0

PFAS种类	年份
PFAS种类	1930s	1940s	1950s		1960s	1970s	1980s	1990s	2000s
PTFE	被发现	不黏涂料				防水面料
PFOS		初期生产	抗污防水		消防泡沫				美国颁布减少使用相关计划
PFOA		初期生产		防护性涂料
PFNA						初期生产	建筑用树脂
氟类调聚物						初期生产	消防泡沫		消防泡沫主要成分
主导处理方式		电解氟化（ECF)							氟聚调（短链ECF）
图表颜色说明	化学物质被发现前		早期的化学合成与生产				商业产品被引入与使用

PFOS/PFOA	EC50
PFOS/PFOA	Psetta maxima	Siriella armata	Paracentrotus lividus	Isochrysis galbana
PFOS	0.11	6.90	20.00	37.50
PFOA	11.90	15.50	110.00	163.60

质量比/ (mg·kg^-1)	玉米	燕麦	黑麦草	土豆	春小麦
0.00(控制组)	无	无	无	无	无
0.25	无	无	无	无	无
1.00	无	无	无	无	无
10.00	无	无	无	无	增长减弱
25.00	无	坏死	枯黄	坏死	增长减弱
50.00	无	坏死	枯黄	坏死且增长减弱	增长减弱