基于纳什议价的共享储能能源互联网络双目标优化

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.07.005

综合智慧能源 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 40-48.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.07.005

基于纳什议价的共享储能能源互联网络双目标优化

冶兆年¹(), 赵长禄¹, 王永真¹^,²^,^*(), 韩恺¹^,², 刘超凡¹, 韩俊涛¹

1.北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京 100081
2.北京理工大学重庆创新中心,重庆 401120

收稿日期:2022-06-01 修回日期:2022-06-28 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-07-19
通讯作者: 王永真
作者简介:冶兆年（1997）,男,在读博士研究生,从事共享储能多能源系统研究, yezhaonian@vip.qq.com;
赵长禄（1963）,男,教授,博士生导师,博士,从事能源动力系统一体化集成设计、仿真及控制等方面的研究;
韩恺（1978）,男,副教授,博士生导师,博士,从事能源动力系统控制及优化研究;
刘超凡（1997）,男,在读硕士研究生,从事综合能源系统规划优化研究;
韩俊涛（1994）,男,在读博士研究生,从事综合能源系统优化建模研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52006114)

Dual-objective optimization of energy networks with shared energy storage based on Nash bargaining

YE Zhaonian¹(), ZHAO Changlu¹, WANG Yongzhen¹^,²^,^*(), HAN Kai¹^,², LIU Chaofan¹, HAN Juntao¹

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2. Innovation Center in Chongqing, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China

Received:2022-06-01 Revised:2022-06-28 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-07-19
Contact: WANG Yongzhen

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

能源互联网建设成为支撑新型电力系统、促进可再生能源规模化发展、助力“双碳”目标实现的重要趋势。针对能源互联网中独立储能技术应用于新型能源系统面临技术经济性差以及容量难以匹配的问题,提出了共享储能收益与能源互联网络用能成本的双目标优化;针对能源互联网络内不同分布式冷热电能源系统间利益分配不均衡的问题,引入纳什议价进行利益分配。1个共享储能服务商和4个分布式冷热电能源系统组成的能源互联网络案例分析表明：随着共享储能容量的增加,共享储能收益与能源系统运行成本组成的非劣解变优,但非劣解改进优化的空间越来越小;加入纳什议价后,分布式冷热电能源系统之间成本降低更为均衡,可提高用户参与共享储能的积极性,避免用户因参与共享储能后获益较低而不参与共享,但由于纳什议价对用户的运行成本进行了约束,共享储能收益与能源系统运行成本整体变劣。

关键词: 碳中和, 新型电力系统, 能源互联网, 共享储能系统, 可再生能源, 双目标优化, 分布式能源, 纳什议价

Abstract:

The construction of energy networks has become the pillar of new power systems and the incentive to large-scale development of renewable energy,which facilitates the realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. There are problems of poor techno-economic performances and low adaptability in the application of independent energy storage technology in energy networks. Thus,a dual-objective optimization on the benefits of shared energy storage and energy costs of energy networks is proposed. To cope with the unbalanced profit allocation between distributed cold, heating and power systems in an energy network, Nash bargaining is introduced to improve the allocation. A case study is made on an energy network composed of one shared energy storage system（SESS）and four multi-distributed energy systems（MDESs）. The study results show that the benefits of the shared energy storage system and the non-inferior solution for the operation costs of the MDESs have been improved with the increase of the shared energy storage capacity, but the room for non-inferior solution improvement is shrinking. Nash bargaining make the cost reduction allocated to the distributed cold, heating and power systems more evenly, which ensures the users' profits and encourages them to participate into the energy storage. But due to the constraints on the user's operating costs brought by Nash bargaining, the benefits of shared energy storage and operation costs of the MDES deteriorate overall.

Key words: carbon neutrality, new power system, energy network, shared energy storage system, renewable energy, dual-objective optimization, distributed energy, Nash bargaining

中图分类号:

TK018：TM73

冶兆年, 赵长禄, 王永真, 韩恺, 刘超凡, 韩俊涛. 基于纳什议价的共享储能能源互联网络双目标优化[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2022, 44(7): 40-48.

YE Zhaonian, ZHAO Changlu, WANG Yongzhen, HAN Kai, LIU Chaofan, HAN Juntao. Dual-objective optimization of energy networks with shared energy storage based on Nash bargaining[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2022, 44(7): 40-48.

图/表 16

图 1

图2

表1

MDES设备约束

名称	约束	变量说明
热电联产机组	$P C H P, e i m i n ≤ P C H P, e i t ≤ P C H P, e i m a x P C H P, h i t = (1 - η C H P, e i - η C H P, l o s s i) η C H P, h i η C H P, e i P C H P, e i t - λ C H P, e i m a x Δ t ≤ P C H P, e i t + 1 - P C H P, e i t ≤ λ C H P, e i m a x Δ t$	$P C H P, e i t$ 为电出力; $P C H P, h i t$ 为热出力; $η C H P, e i$ 为发电效率; $η C H P, l o s s i$ 为热损失效率; $η C H P, h i$ 为制热系数; $λ C H P, e i m a x$ 为爬坡率上限
电锅炉机组	$P E B, h i t = η E B P E B, e i t P E B, h i m i n ≤ P E B, h i t ≤ P E B, h i m a x$	$P E B, h i t$ 为热出力; $η E B$ 为制热效率; $P E B, e i t$ 为耗电功率
吸收式制冷机组	$P A C, c i t = C O P P A C, h i t P A C, c i m i n ≤ P A C, c i t ≤ P A C, c i m a x$	$P A C, c i t$ 为冷出力; $P A C, h i t$ 为耗热功率; $C O P$ 为制冷性能系数
电压缩式制冷机组	$P E C, c i t = η E C P E C, e i t P E C, c i m i n ≤ P E C, c i t ≤ P E C, c i m a x$	$P E C, c i t$ 为冷出力; $P E C, e i t$ 为耗电功率; $η E C$ 为制冷效率
电热冷平衡	$P C H P, e i t + P P V i t + P E G i t = P E B, e i t + P E C, e i t + P l o a d, e i t P C H P, h i t + P E B, h i t = P A C, h i t + P l o a d, h i t P A C, c i t + P E C, c i t = P l o a d, c i t$	$P P V i t$ 为光伏电出力; $P E G i t$ 为电网购电量; $P l o a d, e i t$ 为电负荷; $P l o a d, h i t$ 为热负荷; $P l o a d, c i t$ 为冷负荷
加入共享储能后电平衡	$P C H P, e i t + P P V i t + P S E S S, d i t + P E G i t + ∑ j ≠ i n P i, j t = P E B, e i t + P E C, e i t + P S E S S, c i t + P l o a d, e i t$	$P S E S S, c i t$ , $P S E S S, d i t$ 为t时刻SESS的总充、放电功率

表1

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表2

表3

图8

图9

图10

图11

图 12

图13

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参数	数值
共享储能系统单位功率租赁费用/(元·kW^-1)	0.28
共享储能系统单位功率成本/(元·kW^-1)	1 000
共享储能系统单位容量成本/[元·(kW·h)^-1]	1 100
共享储能系统运营周期/a	8
共享储能系统功率上限与容量上限的比例系数	0.20
CHP机组发电效率	0.35
CHP机组散热损失率	0.15
EB制热效率	0.95
AC机组制冷系数	1.50
EC机组制冷效率	2.50
天然气单价/(元·m^-3)	2.54
CHP机组单位规模建设成本/(元·kW^-1)	3 200
EB机组单位规模建设成本/(元·kW^-1)	1 200
AC机组单位规模建设成本/(元·kW^-1)	1 200
EC机组单位规模建设成本/(元·kW^-1)	1 080
PV机组单位规模建设成本/(元·kW^-1)	2 400
设备运营周期/a	20
利率	0.05
维护成本与建设成本之比	0.02

MDESs	CHP	EB	AC	EC	PV
MDES1	1 500	300	1 100	300	1 100
MDES2	1 200	600	1 600	700	800
MDES3	600	400	1 200	1 000	600
MDES4	900	600	1 500	900	1 000

基于纳什议价的共享储能能源互联网络双目标优化

Dual-objective optimization of energy networks with shared energy storage based on Nash bargaining

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