基于控制灵敏度的微电网有功无功协调二次控制方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.02.005

综合智慧能源 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 36-42.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.02.005

基于控制灵敏度的微电网有功无功协调二次控制方法

龚伟¹, 孙丹²^,^*(), 李逸源³

1.福建华电福瑞能源发展有限公司华安水力发电厂，福建漳州 363800
2.南京国电南自电网自动化有限公司, 南京 211153
3.华电（华安）供电有限公司，福建漳州 363800

收稿日期:2023-06-28 修回日期:2023-07-11 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-02-25
通讯作者: *孙丹（1989），女，工程师，硕士，从事电力系统分析与控制方面的研究，dan-sun@sac-china.com。
作者简介:龚伟（1971），男，高级工程师，从事微电网工程技术方面的研究；
李逸源（1973），男，高级工程师，从事电气工程及其自动化方面的研究。
基金资助:
中国华电集团科技项目(CHDKJ21-01-100)

Active and reactive power coordinated secondary control based on control sensitivity in microgrids

GONG Wei¹, SUN Dan²^,^*(), LI Yiyuan³

1. Hua'an Hydroelectric Power Plant, Fujian Huadian Furui Energy Development Company Limited, Zhangzhou 363800, China
2. Nanjing SAC Power Grid Automation Company Limited, Nanjing 211153, China
3. Huadian (Hua'an) Power Supply Company Limited, Zhangzhou 363800, China

Received:2023-06-28 Revised:2023-07-11 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-02-25
Contact: SUN Dan
Supported by:
Science and Technology Program of China Huadian Corporation(CHDKJ21-01-100)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在中低压等级的微电网中，由于线路的电阻与电抗大小十分接近，因此在潮流控制时不再呈现明显的有功与无功解耦的情况。若仍旧按照大电网中有功、无功独立调节的方式进行微电网的二次控制，则容易产生超调和振荡。为了解决该问题，提出了一种基于控制灵敏度的微电网有功无功协调二次控制方法。首先，根据不同类型的微电网一次控制架构，推导了二次控制时控制灵敏度的计算公式；然后，基于控制灵敏度建立了以频率电压偏差最小、有功无功按比例分配为控制目标的二次规划模型，通过求解此二次规划模型得到微电网二次控制的调节量。以某实际海岛微电网为算例进行分析，通过与有功无功独立调节的二次控制相比较，证明了本文所提方法能有效提高控制的准确性与稳定性。

关键词: 微电网, 二次控制, 协调控制, 控制灵敏度, 二次规划

Abstract:

The values of resistance and reactance of lines in the microgrid of medium and low voltage levels are quite close，leading to weak decoupling of active and reactive power during power flow control. If the secondary control on microgrid operates in line with the control method of a bulk power system which adjusts active power and reactive power independently, there will be overshoots and oscillations. To solve this problem, a secondary control method based on control sensitivity is proposed for of active and reactive power coordinated control in microgrids. Firstly, the calculation formula of control sensitivity for secondary control is derived according to the primary control processes of different types of microgrids. Then, based on the control sensitivity, a quadratic programming model is established, aiming at minimizing the deviations of frequency and voltage and coordinated secondary control on active and reactive power. The adjustments of the secondary control are obtained by solving this model. Taking an islanded microgrid as the example, it is proved that the proposed method can improve the accuracy and stability of the secondary control in microgrid, comparing with the secondary control with independent adjustment of active and reactive power.

Key words: microgrid, secondary control, coordinated control, control sensitivity, quadratic programming

中图分类号:

TK01：TM743

龚伟, 孙丹, 李逸源. 基于控制灵敏度的微电网有功无功协调二次控制方法[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2024, 46(2): 36-42.

GONG Wei, SUN Dan, LI Yiyuan. Active and reactive power coordinated secondary control based on control sensitivity in microgrids[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46(2): 36-42.

图/表 10

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元件	电阻/Ω	电抗/Ω	变比
线路1	0.176	0.143
线路2	0.583	0.473
线路3	1.419	1.155
线路4	0.352	0.286
变压器1	1.133	4.950	380 V/10 kV
变压器2	1.133	4.950	380 V/10 kV

节点名	节点类型	节点注入有功/MW	节点注入无功/（MV·A）	参考电压（标幺值）	参考相角/rad
母线1	PQ节点	0	0	—	—
母线2	平衡节点	—	—	1.02	0
母线3	PQ节点	-0.6	-0.2	—	—
母线4	PQ节点	-0.8	-0.2	—	—
母线5	PQ节点	0	0	—	—
母线6	PQ节点	0.5	0.1	—	—
母线7	PQ节点	0.7	0.1	—	—

微源	有功上限/MW	有功下限/MW	无功上限/（MV·A）	无功下限/（MV·A）
柴油发电机	2.0	1.0	0.5	-0.5
储能单元	0.8	-0.8	0.2	-0.2
风力发电机	1.0	0.0	0.3	-0.3

状态变量	控制变量
状态变量	V_d	P_s	Q_s	P_w	Q_w
P_d	0.024 8	0.981 7	0.000 1	0.973 9	0.000 2
Q_d	0.069 6	0.048 4	0.994 5	0.067 8	0.995 1
V₁	1.000 8	0.001 5	0.001 3	0.001 4	0.001 3
V₃	1.004 7	0.001 5	0.001 3	0.001 4	0.001 3
V₄	0.997 2	0.013 4	0.011 4	0.013 1	0.011 4
V₅	0.995 0	0.013 4	0.011 4	0.016 0	0.013 9
V₆	0.988 8	0.022 3	0.054 7	0.013 0	0.011 3
V₇	0.985 5	0.013 3	0.011 3	0.024 4	0.057 0

状态变量	控制变量
状态变量	P_0d	Q_0d	P_0s	Q_0s	P_0w	Q_0w
f	0.016 9	0.000 0	0.016 6	0.000 0	0.016 5	0.000 0
V₁	0.005 9	0.026 7	0.002 5	0.012 0	0.003 5	0.011 7
V₂	0.006 8	0.027 3	0.002 9	0.011 7	0.003 9	0.011 4
V₃	0.005 9	0.026 8	0.002 5	0.012 1	0.003 5	0.011 8
V₄	0.001 1	0.021 9	0.001 2	0.014 4	0.000 0	0.014 0
V₅	0.002 0	0.021 3	0.000 3	0.014 0	0.001 7	0.014 9
V₆	0.002 2	0.011 6	0.003 8	0.030 9	0.001 6	0.007 4
V₇	0.002 6	0.011 3	0.001 4	0.007 4	0.004 0	0.031 1

基于控制灵敏度的微电网有功无功协调二次控制方法

Active and reactive power coordinated secondary control based on control sensitivity in microgrids

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