Orientation and participation mode of geothermal power generation in the new power system

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.11.007

Abstract

Abstract:

The construction of a new power system with new energy as the main body is the key path to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality in China. The role that geothermal power generation technology, which is famous for its stability and cleanness, plays in protecting ecology of the new power system brings challenges and opportunities to this technology. Based on the concept of "systematization" of Energy Internet,we tentatively analyze the thermal,economic and environmental benefits of the new power system with grid-connected geothermal power,wind power and PV power, as well as the participation mode and mechanism of geothermal power in the new system. From the perspective of power system balance and the LCOE the whole system, geothermal power can participate in the new power system as a secured and flexible power source and an auxiliary service provider by means of replacing coal power and realizing carbon capture and storage （CCS）,which supports the schedule and operation. The IEEE-118 node system that represents a wind-PV-geothermal power system was studied. The results show that replacing 20% of coal power by geothermal power, the total economic cost of the whole system will be reduced by about 14% in 30 years. However, the lack of top-level design and geothermal power evaluation mechanism, and the underdeveloped medium-low temperature hydro-geothermal power generation,CO₂-enhanced geothermal power generation and thermo-economic analysis technologies are restricting the development of the geothermal power generation technology in China.

Key words: carbon peak and carbon neutrality, new power system, Energy Internet, geothermal power generation, carbon capture, power market

CLC Number:

TK01⁺8：TM734

WANG Yongzhen, HAN Kai, ZHAO Jun, WANG Jianxiao, GONG Yulie, FAN Yifan. Orientation and participation mode of geothermal power generation in the new power system[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(11): 58-65.

Figures/Tables 4

References 33

[1]	王永真, 张靖, 潘崇超, 等. 综合智慧能源多维绩效评价指标研究综述[J]. 全球能源互联网, 2021, 4(3):207-225.
	WANG Yongzhen, ZHANG Jing, PAN Chongchao, et al. Multi-dimensional performance evaluation index review of integrated and intelligent energy[J]. Journal of Global Energy Interconnection, 2021, 4(3):207-225.
[2]	甘中学, 郑超越, 许裕栗, 等. 三联供能源系统优化建模与调度方法[J]. 控制工程, 2020, 27(6):1103-1112.
	GAN Zhongxue, ZHENG Chaoyue, XU Yuli, et al. Energy optimization modeling and scheduling method for CCHP system[J]. Control Engineering of China, 2020, 27(6):1103-1112.
[3]	李浩, 钟声远, 王永真, 等. 基于能量与信息耦合的分布式能源系统配置优化方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(17):5467-5476.
	LI Hao, ZHONG Shengyuan, WANG Yongzhen, et al. Optimization method on the distributed energy system based on energy and information coupled[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(17):5467-5476.
[4]	马丽梅, 史丹, 裴庆冰. 中国能源低碳转型(2015—2050):可再生能源发展与可行路径[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2018, 28(2):8-18.
	MA Limei, SHI Dan, PEI Qingbing. Low-carbon transformation of China's energy in 2015—2050:Renewable energy development and feasible path[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2018, 28(2):8-18.
[5]	何建坤. 中国能源革命与低碳发展的战略选择[J]. 武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2015, 68(1):5-12.
	HE Jiankun. The strategic choice of Chinese energy revolution and low carbon development[J]. Wuhan University Journal (Philosophy & Social Sciences), 2015, 68(1):5-12.
[6]	HUANG A Q, CROW M L, HEYDT G T, et al. The future renewable electric energy delivery and management (FREEDM) system: The Energy Internet[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2011, 99(1):133-148. doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2010.2081330
[7]	王永真, 张宁, 关永刚, 等. 当前能源互联网与智能电网研究选题的继承与拓展[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(4):1-7.
	WANG Yongzhen, ZHANG Ning, GUAN Yonggang, et al. Inheritance and expansion analysis of research topics between Energy Internet and smart grid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(4):1-7.
[8]	徐潇源, 王晗, 严正, 等. 能源转型背景下电力系统不确定性及应对方法综述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(16):1-13.
	XU Xiaoyuan, WANG Han, YAN Zheng, et al. Overview of power system uncertainty and its solutions under energy transition[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(16):1-13.
[9]	卓振宇, 张宁, 谢小荣, 等. 高比例可再生能源电力系统关键技术及发展挑战[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(9):171-191.
	ZHUO Zhenyu, ZHANG Ning, XIE Xiaorong, et al. Key technologies and developing challenges of power system with high proportion of renewable energy[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(9):171-191.
[10]	肖晋宇, 侯金鸣, 杜尔顺, 等. 支撑电力系统清洁转型的储能需求量化分析模型与案例分析[J/OL]. 电力系统自动化, 2020:1-11[2021-07-28]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1180.TP.20200720.1309.002.html.
	XIAO Jinyu, HOU Jinming, DU Ershun, et al. Quantitative analysis model and case study of energy storage demand supporting clean transformation of electric power system[J/OL]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020：1-11[2021-07-28]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1180.TP.20200720.1309.002.html.
[11]	张文华, 闫庆友, 何钢, 等. 气候变化约束下中国电力系统低碳转型路径及策略[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2021, 17(1):18-26.
	ZHANG Wenhua, YAN Qingyou, HE Gang, et al. The pathway and strategy of China's power system low-carbon transition under the constraints of climate change[J]. Climate Change Research, 2021, 17(1):18-26.
[12]	朱炫灿, 葛天舒, 吴俊晔, 等. 吸附法碳捕集技术的规模化应用和挑战[J]. 科学通报, 2021(22):2861-2877.
	ZHU Xuancan, GE Tianshu, WU Junye, et al. Large-scale applications and challenges of adsorption-based carbon capture technologies[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2021(22):2861-2877.
[13]	WANG Yongzhen, LI Chengjun, ZHAO Jun, et al. The above-ground strategies to approach the goal of geothermal power generation in China: State of art and future researches[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2021, 138:110557. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110557
[14]	郑克棪, 郑帆. 中国地热发电产业前景探讨[J]. 中外能源, 2020, 25(11):17-23.
	ZHENG Keyan, ZHENG Fan. Discussion on prospects of geothermal power generation industry in China[J]. Sino-Global Energy, 2020, 25(11):17-23.
[15]	王深, 吕连宏, 张保留, 等. 基于多目标模型的中国低成本碳达峰碳中和路径研究[J/OL]. 环境科学研究, 2021:1-15[2021-07-28]. http://www.hjkxyj.org.cn/hjkxyj/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=202103190000004.
	WANG Shen, LYU Lianhong, ZHANG Baoliu, et al. Multi objective programming model of low-cost path for China's peaking carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality[J/OL]. Research of Environmental Sciences,2021:1-15 [2021-07-28]. http://www.hjkxyj.org.cn/hjkxyj/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=202103190000004.
[16]	江亿, 胡姗. 中国建筑部门实现碳中和的路径[J]. 暖通空调, 2021, 51(5):1-13.
	JIANG Yi, HU Shan. Paths to carbon neutrality in China's building sector[J]. Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning, 2021, 51(5):1-13.
[17]	IRENA. Renewable energy statistics 2020[EB/OL].(2020-07-01)[2021-07-28]. https://www.irena.org/publications/2020/Jul/Renewable-energy-statistics-2020.
[18]	王永真, 杨柳, 张超, 等. 中国地热发电发展现状与面临的挑战[J]. 国际石油经济, 2019, 27(1):95-100.
	WANG Yongzhen, YANG Liu, ZHANG Chao, et al. Status quo and challenges of geothermal power generation in China[J]. International Petroleum Economics, 2019, 27(1):95-100.
[19]	王青宽. 风光储微电网配置和运行优化研究[D]. 北京:华北电力大学, 2019.
[20]	汪昌霜. 大规模新能源发电并网容量效益及消纳能力评估方法研究[D]. 武汉:华中科技大学, 2018.
[21]	陈典, 钟海旺, 夏清. 基于全成本电价的安全约束经济调度[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(5):1190-1199.
	CHEN Dian, ZHONG Haiwang, XIA Qing. Security constrained economic dispatch based on total cost price[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(5):1190-1199.
[22]	BEARDSMORE G, DAVIDSON C, PAYNE D, et al. Australia country update [C]// Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2020. Reykjavik, 2020.
[23]	马冰, 贾凌霄, 于洋, 等. 世界地热能开发利用现状与展望[J/OL]. 中国地质, 2021:1-22 [2021-07-28]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1167.P.20210528.1040.004.html.
	MA Bing, JIA Lingxiao, YU Yang, et al. The development and utilization of geothermal energy in the world[J/OL]. Geology in China, 2021:1-22 [2021-07-28]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1167.P.20210528.1040.004.html.
[24]	罗佐县, 刘芮, 宫昊, 等. 中国地热产业发展空间分析[J]. 国际石油经济, 2021, 29(4):40-47.
	LUO Zuoxian, LIU Rui, GONG Hao, et al. The development space of geothermal industry in China[J]. International Petroleum Economics, 2021, 29(4):40-47.
[25]	何治亮, 李双建, 刘全有, 等. 盆地深部地质作用与深层资源——科学问题与攻关方向[J]. 石油实验地质, 2020, 42(5):767-779.
	HE Zhiliang, LI Shuangjian, LIU Quanyou, et al. Deep geological processes and deep resources in basins:Scientific issues and research directions[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2020, 42(5):767-779.
[26]	许天福, 汪禹, 封官宏. 深部超临界地热资源研究进展及开发前景展望[J]. 天然气工业, 2021, 41(3):155-167.
	XU Tianfu, WANG Yu, FENG Guanhong. Research progress and development prospect of deep supercritical geothermal resources[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2021, 41(3):155-167.
[27]	王永真, 朱轶林, 潘利生, 等. 基于知识图谱的有机朗肯循环研究概览[J]. 太阳能, 2020(2):18-32.
	WANG Yongzhen, ZHU Yilin, PAN Lisheng, et al. Overview of research on organic Rankine cycle based on knowledge graph domain[J]. Solar Energy, 2020(2):18-32.
[28]	ZHAO Jun, HU Likai, WANG Yongzhen, et al. How to rapidly predict the performance of ORC: Optimal empirical correlation based on cycle separation[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2019, 188:86-93. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2019.02.095
[29]	张亮, 裴晶晶, 任韶然. 超临界CO₂在干热岩中的采热能力及系统能量利用效率的研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2014, 32(1):114-119.
	ZHANG Liang, PEI Jingjing, REN Shaoran. Heat mining capacity and energy utilization efficiency of SCCO₂-HDR geothermal system[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2014, 32(1):114-119.
[30]	汪集旸, 胡圣标, 庞忠和, 等. 中国大陆干热岩地热资源潜力评估[J]. 科技导报, 2012, 30(32):25-31.
[31]	任福康, 陈宜, 王江江. 耦合太阳能和地热能的冷热电联供系统优化[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2021, 42(1):16-24.
	REN Fukang, CHEN Yi, WANG Jiangjiang . Optimization of combined cooling, heating, and power system coupled with solar and geothermal energies[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2021, 42(1):16-24.
[32]	董师彤. 基于地热的新型冷热电三联供系统的研究[D]. 抚顺:辽宁石油化工大学, 2020.
[33]	安磊, 王绵斌, 齐霞, 等. “风、光、火、蓄、储”多能源互补优化调度方法研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2018, 36(10):1492-1498.
	AN Lei, WANG Mianbin, QI Xia, et al. Optimal dispatching of multi-power sources containing wind/photovoltaic/thermal/hydro-pumped and battery storage[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2018, 36(10):1492-1498.

项目	地热发电机组替代火电机组的比例/%
项目	0	10	20	40
燃料成本	2 021.62	1 852.00	1 574.47	1 101.80
机组排放成本	297.21	272.61	231.59	162.49
非地热机组投资成本	293.00	261.74	230.49	168.00
地热投资成本	0	104.16	208.32	416.64
总系统生命周期成本	2 637.83	2 516.51	2 270.87	1 874.93