电力市场背景下的近用户侧储能站容量优化配置研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.02.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在考虑电力市场参与场景下，针对近用户侧储能电池参与电网调频辅助服务及能源套利等问题，提出了一种电池储能系统的容量优化配置方法，并以山西省电力市场价格体系及商业楼宇用户负荷数据为例，对该方法进行了验证计算。该优化方法考虑了电池荷电状态、负荷需求约束下电池储能在调频辅助服务和能源套利运行模式下的中、长期综合成本和效益，构建了储能电池储能站参与调频辅助服务和能源套利市场交易的经济优化决策模型。以储能系统总和成本最小化为目标，综合考虑电池折损、调频功率耦合等因素，设计了一种电池储能在满足用户侧负荷需求条件下，参与电力市场优化运行的充放电容量配置策略。将该优化配置方法应用于现实数据案例中，其计算结果表明，所提出的近用户侧储能站容量优化配置方法能够在中、长期时间尺度上指导配网规划决策者及商业综合体运营单位有效配置储能系统的电能容量和功率容量，根据成本效益折算合理参与电力市场交易。

关键词: 储能系统, 频率调节, 能源套利, 线性规划, 容量配置

Abstract:

To solve the problems in energy storage systems'participation in power grid frequency regulation ancillary service and energy arbitrage，a capacity optimization configuration for the systems participating in electric power market is proposed.This optimized configuration is verified by the user load data of commercial buildings based on the electricity pricing system of Shanxi Province.The optimization takes the SoC and medium and long-term comprehensive costs and revenues of the batteries under load demand constraints in the mode of frequency regulation ancillary service and energy arbitrage into consideration.Then，an economic optimization model for the battery storage station participating in frequency regulation ancillary service and energy arbitrage is constructed.To minimize the total cost of the energy storage station，and taking battery loss，coupling of frequency regulation power and other factors into consideration，a charging and discharging capacity configuration strategy is designed for the system participating in electricity power market，on the premise of ensuring the user-side power supply.Applying the optimized configuration to a real case，the calculation results show that the proposed method can provide well guidance for the administers of distribution network and commercial complexes to effectively allocate energy capacity and power capacity in energy storage systems in a medium or long period，and to reasonably participate in electric power market according to cost benefit analysis.

Key words: energy storage system, frequency regulation, energy arbitrage, linear programming, capacity configuration

中图分类号:

TK02

徐天韵, 陈涛, 高赐威. 电力市场背景下的近用户侧储能站容量优化配置研究[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2023, 45(2): 77-84.

XU Tianyun, CHEN Tao, GAO Ciwei. Research on capacity optimization for the user-side energy storage station participating in electric power market[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2023, 45(2): 77-84.

图/表 10

图1

表1

模型参数取值

参数	取值	参数	取值
$c E, B$ /（元·kW^-1）	2 195.5	$N$ /a	15
$c P, B$ /（元·kW^-1）	9 185.7	$η$	0.9
$c F, B$ /万元	200	$S$	0.9
$E ¯ B, m a x$ /（kW·h）	20 000	$R$	0.8
$P ¯ B, m a x$ /kW	5 000	$S O C m a x / S O C m i n$	0.4/0.9
$P ¯ t S$ /kW	3 000	$B$ /（元·kW^-1）	5
$r$ /%	10	$β r e g$	10

表1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

表2

性能评分的敏感性分析

$S F R$	$P ¯ B / k W$	$E ¯ B / (k W$ ·h）	当月利润/元
0.85	4 096	12 319	203 636
0.90	4 227	12 175	314 443
0.98	3 143	11 905	365 413

表2

表3

表4

对应4种电价波形的求解结果

类型	$P ¯ B / k W$	$E ¯ B / (k W$ ·h）	当月利润/元
1	4 173	12 020	318 787
2	4 153	11 961	300 627
3	4 133	11 905	296 915
4	4 148	13 319	311 696

表4

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序号	扰动幅度/%		峰谷价差/[元·（kW·h）^-1]
序号	08:00—20:00	20:00—次日08:00	峰谷价差/[元·（kW·h）^-1]
1	-10	10	1.473
2	0	0	1.500
3	10	-10	1.645
4	20	-20	1.794