地热发电在新型电力系统中的定位及参与模式

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.11.007

华电技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 58-65.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.11.007

地热发电在新型电力系统中的定位及参与模式

王永真¹(), 韩恺¹, 赵军², 王剑晓³^,^*(), 龚宇烈⁴, 范翼帆⁵

1.北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京 100081
2.天津大学中低温热能高效利用教育部重点实验室,天津 300350
3.华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京 102206
4.中国科学院广州能源研究所地热能研究中心,广州 510650
5.中国长江三峡集团有限公司科学技术研究院,北京 100038

收稿日期:2021-08-30 修回日期:2021-09-28 出版日期:2021-11-25
通讯作者: * 王剑晓（1992—）,男,山东日照人,讲师,博士,从事新能源电力系统、氢能、储能、电力市场等方面的研究（E-mail： wangjx@ncepu.edu.cn）。
作者简介:王永真（1988—）,男,陕西富平人,副教授,博士生导师,博士,从事综合能源系统与新能源高效转化及利用等方面的研究（E-mail： wyz80hou@bit.edu.cn）。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52006114)

Orientation and participation mode of geothermal power generation in the new power system

WANG Yongzhen¹(), HAN Kai¹, ZHAO Jun², WANG Jianxiao³^,^*(), GONG Yulie⁴, FAN Yifan⁵

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China
2. Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy （Tianjin University）, MOE, Tianjin 300350, China
3. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206,China
4. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650,China
5. Institute of Science and Technology, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China

Received:2021-08-30 Revised:2021-09-28 Published:2021-11-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统是实现我国“双碳”目标的关键路径,以稳定、清洁著称的地热发电如何在新型电力系统生态中发挥作用,关系地热发电的机遇与挑战。基于能源互联网“系统化”理念,初步分析了我国地热发电与风、光发电接入新型电力系统的热工、经济及环境效益,讨论了地热发电参与新型电力系统的模式与机制,认为从电力系统平衡及全系统度电成本看,地热发电技术能够通过替代煤电及碳捕集技术、作为灵活性托底电源以及参与电力市场辅助服务等手段,有效支撑新型电力系统的规划与运行。118个节点的风光火地新型电力系统案例分析结果表明,当20%的火电机组被地热发电替代后,系统30 a的总经济成本约降低14%。最后指出,除缺失顶层设计以及地热发电资源量评估等问题外,中低温水热型发电、二氧化碳增强型地热发电以及地热发电系统的热经济优化等技术依然是制约我国地热发电发展的关键问题。

关键词: 双碳, 新型电力系统, 能源互联网, 地热发电, 碳捕集, 电力市场

Abstract:

The construction of a new power system with new energy as the main body is the key path to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality in China. The role that geothermal power generation technology, which is famous for its stability and cleanness, plays in protecting ecology of the new power system brings challenges and opportunities to this technology. Based on the concept of "systematization" of Energy Internet,we tentatively analyze the thermal,economic and environmental benefits of the new power system with grid-connected geothermal power,wind power and PV power, as well as the participation mode and mechanism of geothermal power in the new system. From the perspective of power system balance and the LCOE the whole system, geothermal power can participate in the new power system as a secured and flexible power source and an auxiliary service provider by means of replacing coal power and realizing carbon capture and storage （CCS）,which supports the schedule and operation. The IEEE-118 node system that represents a wind-PV-geothermal power system was studied. The results show that replacing 20% of coal power by geothermal power, the total economic cost of the whole system will be reduced by about 14% in 30 years. However, the lack of top-level design and geothermal power evaluation mechanism, and the underdeveloped medium-low temperature hydro-geothermal power generation,CO₂-enhanced geothermal power generation and thermo-economic analysis technologies are restricting the development of the geothermal power generation technology in China.

Key words: carbon peak and carbon neutrality, new power system, Energy Internet, geothermal power generation, carbon capture, power market

中图分类号:

TK01⁺8：TM734

王永真, 韩恺, 赵军, 王剑晓, 龚宇烈, 范翼帆. 地热发电在新型电力系统中的定位及参与模式[J]. 华电技术, 2021, 43(11): 58-65.

WANG Yongzhen, HAN Kai, ZHAO Jun, WANG Jianxiao, GONG Yulie, FAN Yifan. Orientation and participation mode of geothermal power generation in the new power system[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(11): 58-65.

图/表 4

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项目	地热发电机组替代火电机组的比例/%
项目	0	10	20	40
燃料成本	2 021.62	1 852.00	1 574.47	1 101.80
机组排放成本	297.21	272.61	231.59	162.49
非地热机组投资成本	293.00	261.74	230.49	168.00
地热投资成本	0	104.16	208.32	416.64
总系统生命周期成本	2 637.83	2 516.51	2 270.87	1 874.93

地热发电在新型电力系统中的定位及参与模式

Orientation and participation mode of geothermal power generation in the new power system

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