考虑火电-熔盐储热耦合特性的风光火储能源调度

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.12.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

构建以可再生能源为主体的新型电力系统已经成为中国能源发展的必然趋势。以某大型能源基地为仿真对象，建立含有熔盐储热的多能互补系统运行收益模型。该系统通过将火电机组耦合熔盐储热系统，实现能源的存储、错峰利用，提高可再生能源的消纳率。该模型考虑了火电机组多级调峰收益和爬坡成本、储能系统运行成本及可再生能源弃电惩罚成本，以系统运行净收益最高为目标对模型进行优化求解，探究火电机组储热改造对可再生能源消纳和系统运行经济性的影响。加入熔盐储热系统后，系统的整体经济性和可再生能源利用率得到显著提升，场景2每日运行净收益为838.14万元，较场景1增加了47.36万元。场景2的风能利用率从93.91%增加到97.33%，光伏利用率也从95.51%增加到98.44%。

关键词: 新型电力系统, 风光火储, 火电机组, 熔盐储热, 耦合特性, 能源调度, 多能互补系统, 可再生能源消纳, 调峰

Abstract:

The construction of a new power system， with renewable energy as the main component， has become an inevitable trend in China's energy development.Using a large-scale energy base as the simulation object， a multi-energy complementary system operation revenue model incorporating molten salt heat storage was established. This system enabled energy storage and off-peak utilization by coupling thermal power units with molten salt heat storage systems， thereby improving the absorption rate of renewable energy. The model considered the multi-level peak-shaving benefits and ramping cost of thermal power plants， the operating cost of energy storage systems， and the penalty cost for curtaining renewable energy. The model was optimized with the objective of maximizing net system operation revenue， exploring the impact of thermal power unit heat storage retrofitting on renewable energy absorption and system operating economics. After integration of the molten salt heat storage system， the overall economic efficiency and utilisation rate of renewable energy in the system were significantly improved. In scenario 2， the system's daily net revenue reached 8.381 4 million yuan， an increase of 473 600 yuan compared to scenario 1. The wind energy utilization rate in Scenario 2 increased from 93.91% to 97.33%， while the photovoltaic utilization rate increased from 95.51% to 98.44%.

Key words: new power system, wind-photovoltaic-thermal-storage, thermal power plant, molten salt heat storage, coupling characteristics, energy dispatch, multi-energy complementary system, absorption of renewable energy, peak-shaving

中图分类号:

TK01：TP23：TP29

李博, 曹越, 徐景怡, 司风琪. 考虑火电-熔盐储热耦合特性的风光火储能源调度[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2024, 46(12): 55-63.

LI Bo, CAO Yue, XU Jingyi, SI Fengqi. Energy dispatch of wind-photovoltaic-thermal-storage considering the coupling characteristics of thermal power and molten salt heat storage[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46(12): 55-63.

图/表 14

图1

图2

表1

图3

图4

图5

表2

模型仿真条件

变量	取值	变量	取值
$k c o a l$ /[元·(kW·h)^-1]	0.35	$d 1$ /[元·(MW·h)^-1]	10
$γ T E S$ /[元·(kW·h)^-1]	0.05	$d 2$ /[元·(MW·h)^-1]	200
$c c o a l$ /(元·t^-1)	750	$d 3$ /[元·(MW·h)^-1]	600
$C N$ /台	1	$P m a x T E S$ /MW	70
$T N$ /台	1	$P m i n T E S$ /MW	-80
$L$ /%	12	$E m i n T E S$	0.1 $E m a x T E S$
$F$ /%	5	$E m a x T E S$ /(MW·h)	500
$G$ /%	5	( $P m a x d o w n$ /P_THA)/(%·min^-1)	1
( $P m a x u p$ /P_THA)/(%·min^-1)	1	$P m i n T N$ /MW	120
$P m i n C N$ /MW	180	a₂	0.26
$P m a x T N$ /MW	600	b₂	1.9×10^-5
$a 1$	0.28	c₂	11.83
$b 1$	1.7×10^-5	c₁	11.46

表2

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

表3

表4

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调峰区间	电负荷范围/MW	调峰负荷ΔP/MW	调峰补偿系数ζ/[元·（kW·h）^-1]
一档	[240,300）	（0，60]	0.01
二档	[180,240)	(60,120]	0.20
三档	[120,180)	(120,180]	0.60

机组类型	场景	平均发电煤耗/[g·(kW·h)^-1]	发电收益/（万元）	煤耗成本/（万元）	调峰收益/（万元）	净收益/（万元）	储能成本/（万元）
^#1 机组	1	339.44	166.21	64.48	25.77	127.50	0
^#1 机组	2	335.06	182.07	69.72	20.12	132.46	0
^#2 机组	1	302.30	302.29	104.44	13.49	211.34	0
^#2 机组	2	319.78	275.48	100.68	53.62	221.36	7.06
风光机组	1		504.77			475.09
风光机组	2		515.58			507.46

场景	风能利用率/%	光伏利用率/%	系统运行成本/（万元）	净收益/（万元）	可再生能源发电占比/%
1	93.91	95.51	221.75	790.78	51.86
2	97.33	98.44	200.61	838.14	52.98