Research on power quality data management technology from the perspective of blockchain

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.01.008

Abstract

Abstract:

To improve the management of power quality data and explore their value in depth,a solution to the“information island”resulting from multi-source heterogeneous power quality data was proposed based on blockchain technology featured by decentralization and distributed storage. The scheme can make the data authentic and reliable. A technical framework of power quality data management was built from the perspective of blockchain based on the characteristics of blockchain technology and power quality data. The content, structure and mechanism between different levels were expounded and the processing flow of power quality data was analyzed, which can facilitate the blockchain technology application in power quality data management.

Key words: blockchain, power quality, data management, decentralization, multiple sources and heterogeneity, technical framework

CLC Number:

TM933:TP311.13

MIAO Yufeng, HU Xiang, ZHAO Lili, CUI Jindong, Bao Chenrui. Research on power quality data management technology from the perspective of blockchain[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(1): 45-51.

Figures/Tables 5

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共识机制	简称	特征及应用效果
工作量证明	PoW	使所有分布式节点都保持相同的竞争算力,以获取区块记账权,增强平台的安全性;需消耗大量电能,出块较慢,无法满足实际交易需求
权益证明	PoS	降低了能耗,避免了算力过于集中,减少了达成共识所需时间;本质上仍需网络中的节点进行挖矿运算
授权股份证明	DPoS	避免算力过剩,提高系统的计算效率,只需少量节点参与验证与记账,实现秒级共识验证;无法摆脱对代币的依赖
实用拜占庭容错	PBFT	保证参与传输过程的节点算力稳定,将容错率保持在总节点数的1/3以下,避免主链分叉,保证平台的安全稳定
瑞波共识机制	RPCA	所有节点共同对数据信息进行确认,提升数据在平台中的传输速度,缩短认证时间;可自动对信息记录进行更新

特点	传统的电能质量数据管理平台	区块链视角下的电能质量数据管理平台
安全性	在电网运行、电力调度过程中产生的部分数据涉及参与者的隐私,数据泄密可能会使其利益受损	区块链采用了非对称密码学原理,可将数据转换成密文,若没有密钥,则无法对密文进行解析,可保证电能质量数据存储及应用的安全性
开放性	在电网企业内部,电能质量数据只对部分部门的部分管理人员开放,并不是所有员工都拥有对电能质量数据平台的访问或管理权限	区块链可将电能质量数据进行分布式存储,且该技术的信息处理功能强大,具有较强的可拓展性;此外,还能通过对不同对象设置不同层次权限来控制数据平台的开放性
可靠性	传统管理平台是中心化的,后台数据较易被人为篡改,无法保证数据的真实可靠	区块链具有较强的可靠性,只有在51%以上的节点同时受到攻击时,数据才能被篡改,而这种情况凭借如今的技术很难做到
互联性	在数据流方面,各参与方无法做到完全互通互信	区块链节点上的数据进行点对点传输,保证了数据传输时的畅通互联