Multi-stage robust optimization operation of microgrids considering carbon trading systems

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.09.002

Abstract

Abstract:

With the maturity of carbon trading market， carbon emission allowances and certified emission reductions have become factors that must be considered in the microgrid operation optimization. To address the difficulties posed by source-load uncertainties during operation optimization， a multi-stage robust optimization model taking the carbon trading system into account is proposed. Initially， the uncertain sets of microgrid sources and loads and the microgrid carbon trading system are described， and a series of feasibility constraints ensuring the robustness and unpredictability of the microgrid are established accordingly. For the constraints related to the temporal coupling between gas-fired units and energy storage devices， implicit decision rules are employed to introduce auxiliary variables and new unpredictability constraints， and the model is reformulated to determine the start-stop strategy of the gas-fired units and the range of the battery's state of charge. Subsequently， an intra-day real-time rolling model is established to ascertain the real-time output of each component， achieving real-time optimized scheduling of the microgrid. Finally， actual data from a region in Jiangsu Province is used in a case study to analyze and verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling model. However， it is noted that under the premise of fully optimizing renewable energy sources， simply changing the price of carbon allowances has a weak impact on the operation of the microgrid.

Key words: microgrid, robust optimization, unpredictability, carbon trading system, energy storage device, carbon emission allowance, certified emission reduction

CLC Number:

TM73

PENG Leyao, MA Gang, CHEN Yonghua, YAN Yunsong, LAI Yening, LI Zhukun, LIU Dongyang, TANG Jing. Multi-stage robust optimization operation of microgrids considering carbon trading systems[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46(9): 9-19.

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机组	输出功率限制/kW	爬坡限制/ (kW·h^-1)	初始启停状态	初始输出功率/kW
1	[4,25]	4	1	15
2	[2,15]	3	1	10
3	[2,15]	3	0	0
4	[1,5]	1	1	5
5	[1,5]	1	0	0

场景	是否引入碳交易机制	优化方法
1	是	多阶段鲁棒优化法
2	是	基于场景优化法
3	是	确定性优化法

参数	场景1	场景2	场景3
实际碳排放量/kg	405.29	449.95	379.79
碳交易成本/元	-149.16	-133.07	-150.68
风光消纳率/%	98.81	96.27	100.00
调度成本/元	509.29	575.57	469.62

项目	CEA交易价格/（元·kg^-1）
项目	0	0.42	0.50	0.58	0.67	0.76
实际碳排放量/kg	421.6	406.4	392.5	391.1	390.3	389.2
风光总利用量/kW	2 303	2 303	2 303	2 303	2 303	2 303
燃气机组总发电量/kW	921	886	886	865	861	859