Table of Content

25 August 2024, Volume 46 Issue 8

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Low-Carbon Technical Economy Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection

Low-Carbon Technical Economy

Evaluation on energy-saving and carbon-reduction potential of aluminum processing in high-energy-consuming enterprises and their profiles

LUO Yuling, PENG Daogang, ZHAO Huirong, QU Bogang

2024, 46(8):  1-11.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.001

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To realize the sustainable development of high-energy-consuming enterprises， and promote carbon emission reduction and energy efficiency， an energy-saving and carbon-reduction evaluation index system for aluminum processing is established. The system takes energy efficiency， carbon emission and environment indicators into considerations， so as to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the evaluation. The analytic hierarchy process is used to evaluate the efficiency， carbon emission level and environmental impact of each processing section in aluminum processing. In a case study， the energy-saving and carbon-reduction potential of each processing section was evaluated， and the sensitivity analysis on the energy-saving and carbon-reduction evaluation index system was carried out to ensure the universality of the established index system. The results show that aluminum processing enterprises can improve their energy-saving and carbon-reduction capabilities from updating the casting process. Based on user profiling， optimizing suggestions for production process are proposed to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollutants，achieving sustainable development goals.

Research on the influencing factors of carbon emissions from petrochemical industry in Jilin Province based on the STIRPAT model

LI Feifei, XU Huiwei, CUI Jindong

2024, 46(8):  12-19.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.002

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In view that petrochemical industry is a typical industry of high carbon emissions， studying the variation law and influencing factors of its carbon emissions can facilitate the implement of China's "dual carbon" strategy. Based on the data from the nine carbon emission sources which include raw coal， clean coal， coke， gasoline， diesel and crude oil in five sub industries of petrochemical industry in Jilin Province from 2002 to 2021， the temporal evolution characteristics and composition of the carbon emissions are studied. Six indicators affecting the carbon emissions from petrochemical industry in Jilin Province， including economic value added， are selected， and their impacts and mechanisms are deeply studied based on the expanded STIRPAT model and ridge regression parameter estimation. According to empirical analysis results， three suggestions are proposed to promote the low-carbon development and carbon reduction of petrochemical industry in Jilin Province： improving energy efficiency and energy consumption structure； selecting valuable investment projects and low-carbon projects； adopting circular economy and conducting environmental impact assessments.

Study on influencing factors of automobile carbon emissions from the perspective of whole life cycle： A case study of Jilin Province

LI Feifei, WANG Shuhong, CUI Jindong

2024, 46(8):  20-27.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.003

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In order to achieve China's "double carbon" target， reducing the carbon emissions from automobile industry has become an important measure， and studying the main factors affecting the carbon emissions is of great significance for formulating low-carbon development strategies. To analyzed the changes of the total carbon emissions from automobile industry in Jilin Province from 2012 to 2021， a Vector Auto Regression（VAR） model is applied in exploring the driving factors for the emissions. It is found out that there are four main factors impacting the carbon emissions from automobile industry in Jilin Province， and the degree of impacts is as follows in descending order： the level of household consumption， the retain number of family cars， the carbon emissions from transportation industry and the carbon emissions of automobile manufacturing. Based on the analytic results above， following measures are proposed to promote the realization of emission reduction of automobile industry in Jilin Province： taking intelligent and clean technologies and new energy-saving measures in vehicle production； providing subsidies for car purchase and building charging facilities； developing public transportation and optimizing route layout； recycling waste parts and forming a cycling economy.

Construction of an enterprise carbon asset valuation model based on fuzzy real options

ZHAO Dan, ZHU Limin, HU Shen, HAN Shiqi

2024, 46(8):  28-35.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.004

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Scientific and effective carbon asset assessment is a major boost for enterprises to achieve their efficient carbon management and the prosperity and development of the national carbon emission trading market.In order to improve the assessment efficiency of enterprises' carbon assets and enhance their enthusiasm to participate in the national carbon emission rights trading market，the characteristics of enterprises' carbon assets are analyzed on the basis of fully studying the trading and compliance processes of enterprises' participation in the market. Based on the real option theory and fuzzy mathematics theory，a comprehensive enterprise carbon asset valuation model is constructed to solve the inaccurate evaluation results resulting from sharp fluctuations of carbon prices and the neglect of the correlation between two carbon assets.The effectiveness and stability of the model are fully verified by numerical examples.The results show that the carbon asset valuation model proposed based on the fuzzy real option theory can be used as a basis for judging the enterprises' carbon reduction performances，an assistance to realize efficient carbon asset management and a boost for enterprises to participate in the carbon market. It is a methodology exploration of enterprises' low-carbon transformation.

Development trend analysis on building energy systems under "dual carbon" target

ZOU Fenghua, ZHU Xingyang, YIN Junping, MENG Shiyu, JIANG Haiyan, CHEN Aikang, LIU Lan

2024, 46(8):  36-40.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.005

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With the continuous access of flexible energy sources such as distributed new energy and electric vehicles，the potential of building energy systems in energy conservation and carbon reduction gets inspired.It is of great significance to clarify the development trend of building energy systems for achieving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality in urban areas.Since the building energy system whole process includes system construction，operation and management，the new system structure，energy supply mode，system operation mode，digital management，demand response and control mechanism should be analyzed comprehensively.Based on the analysis results，the development trend of building energy systems towards production and marketing integration，low carbonization，flexibility，digitization and standardization are prospected，which provides reference for the high-quality development of urban building energy systems.

Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection

Impact of iron-manganese modified Camellia oleifera shell-based biochar on the anaerobic digestion performance and microbial community structure of sludge

LUO Kun, ZHU Yi, HUANG Jing, LI Hui

2024, 46(8):  41-49.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.006

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Hydrolysis process limits the anaerobic digestion （AD） rate of sludge. Supplementing exogenous biochar （BC） can effectively boost methane production by overcoming the limitation in hydrolysis. The iron-manganese modified biochar （Fe-Mn-BC） derived from the residual shells of woody oil crops， specifically Camellia oleifera shells， is studied. SEM， FTIR， XPS and XRD are employed to characterize the material， and its impacts on sludge AD performance， methane yield and microbial community structure are explored. The study results demonstrate that since Fe-Mn-BC possesses a porous structure， iron and manganese particles can load onto the BC surface in various forms of oxides. The addition of Fe-Mn-BC elevates methane production. When the total solid mass fraction of Fe-Mn-BC reaches 80 mg/g， cumulative gas production peaks at 301.59 mL/g， marking a 45.27% increase compared to that of the control group. Microbial community analysis reveals that Fe-Mn-BC enriches the abundance of archaeal communities， including Crenarchaeota， Candidatus_Methanomethylicus and Candidatus_Methanofastidiosum. These communities play crucial roles in promoting the hydrolysis of organic matters and enhancing the methane production， indicating that Fe-Mn-BC not only enriches functional microbial communities such as methanogenic bacteria， but also effectively improves the efficiency of sludge AD. Furthermore， this method presents a resource utilization solution for Camellia oleifera shells.

Numerical simulation on co-combustion and alkali metal distribution in an opposed firing boiler mixed with sludge

TONG Jialin, ZHANG Yan, LIU Wensheng, MAO Jianbo, YE Xuemin

2024, 46(8):  50-58.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.007

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Taking a 660 MW opposed firing boiler as the study object，the combustion features and distribution of alkali metals in the furnace during co-combustion with dehydrated sludge are studied by numerical simulation，and the influence factors including the blending layer， excess air coefficient and different Cl content in sludge are analyzed. The co-combustion with dehydrated sludge will increase the alkali metal mass concentration on the furnace side wall. The study indicates that blending sludge on the middle and upper layer of the burner can reduce the emission rate of alkali metals and lower the wall temperature near OFA nozzles. Increasing excess air coefficient can improve the burnout rate of pulverized coal and reduce the alkali metal mass concentration on the side wall. And decline of the Cl content in sludge can effectively reduce the concentration of alkali metals in flue gas and conversion rate of alkali metal compounds to NaCl. Blending sludges on the middle and upper layers of a co-combustion burner can reduce the excess air coefficient and alleviate the fouling， slagging and alkali metal high temperature corrosion in the furnace.

Simulation on the gas-solid flows and combustion in a multi-pass circulating fluidized bed based on computational particle fluid dynamics method

SONG Jianjun, FU Kun, CHEN Meiqian

2024, 46(8):  59-66.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.008

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The furnace temperature of a multi-pass circulating fluidized bed（CFD） is higher than that of a traditional CFD， which advances the miniaturization of CFDs. The gas-olid flows and combustion of a multi-pass CFD were numerically stimulated by computational particle fluid dynamics method. The simulation results fitted well with the results of the pilot-scale experiment. The results indicate that volume fractions of particle phase show core-annulus structure， ranking from high to low in the main combustion chamber， auxiliary combustion chamber， and burnout chamber. The furnace temperature is from 1 000 to 1 200 K. The temperature of the main chamber is higher larger than that of the auxiliary chamber， and the temperature of the auxiliary chamber is higher than that of the burnout chamber and the cyclone separator. Increasing the oxygen content in the dense phase zone of the furnace by enlarging the proportion of primary air to secondary air can intensify the combustion and increase the bed temperature. Pre-classification of fuel at the secondary chamber inlet is beneficial for coke reduction reactions， which is favorable to the reductions of NO concentration and nitrogen oxide emissions.

Current status of fault diagnosis for CHP units in integrated energy systems

DENG Zhenyu, WANG Rukang, XU Gang, YUN Kun, WANG Ying

2024, 46(8):  67-76.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.009

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As an important component of an integrated energy system， a CHP unit not only provides electric and thermal power，but also lays a foundation for renewable energy consumption. The fan and coal mill are significant devices for a cogeneration unit and play vital roles in its operation. In the research on fault diagnosis technologies，faults in fans and coal mills are summarized，and subsequently， based on artificial intelligence algorithms，the fault diagnosis technologies are categorized into three technical approaches： machine learning， deep learning， and hybrid models. The development trends and core issues of each technology are analysed. Finally， the prospects of fault diagnosis technologies applying in integrated energy systems are discussed.

Reliability evaluation on SCR denitrification systems in thermal power plants based on FTA

WANG Yawen, ZONG Shaoliang, CHENG Zhiyuan, LU Wanpeng

2024, 46(8):  77-85.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.08.010

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Making reliability evaluations on selective catalytic reduction（SCR） denitrification systems in thermal power plants is significance for the safe operation of denitrification systems. Based on the classification on failure causes of denitrification systems，a fault tree analysis（FTA） taking abnormal ammonia/nitrogen molar ratio as its main indicator is applied on the evaluation. Then， Boolean algebra is used to analyze the path set of the FTA fault indicator，with a total of 11 minimum cut sets and a total of 5 minimum path sets. Considering the combination modes and propagation paths of impacts of elementary events on top events，an evaluation method for system safety hazards according to confidence degree is proposed. Based on the operational data of a denitrification system in a 300 MW unit boiler，a failure probability analysis was carried out on a specific fault of the reactor，and the conclusion was reached that the relative error between the confidence degree of the minimum cut set K7 and the confidence degree of the reliability evaluation method was only 0.694%. And the relative errors of other 20 fault events were all within 1%. The results show that the proposed evaluation method based on the minimum cut set confidence is accurate and feasible.