面向碳中和目标的变温吸附碳捕集效能与技术经济性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.06.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

碳中和目标的提出为我国低碳发展明确了方向,也对碳捕集技术未来的发展提出了新要求。由于吸附法具有能耗低、污染小和改造成本低的特征,成为重要的碳捕集技术之一。针对吸附碳捕集技术,比较了理想气体分离模型和再生分离模型的最小分离功计算方法。根据损失功概念,从再生温度、二氧化碳初始体积分数和二氧化碳回收率的角度,对变温吸附碳捕集技术的实际过程能效和捕集成本进行了分析。结果表明：再生分离模型的最小功大约是理想气体分离模型的1.2倍;变温吸附碳捕集的性能系数在1.6左右,运行成本约为40 元/t。最后指出：吸附法作为空气直接碳捕集应用的重要方式,将进一步助力碳捕集与可再生能源的技术耦合;碳中和目标下,吸附碳捕集技术的发展需要政策、技术研发、商业模式的共同推进。

关键词: 碳中和, 碳捕集, 变温吸附, 可再生能源, 能效, 运行成本, 储能

Abstract:

The proposal of carbon neutrality clarified the direction of low-carbon development in China, and put forward new requirements on developing carbon capture technology. Adsorption is an important carbon capture technology due to its low energy consumption, low pollution, low reconstruction cost, etc. The minimum separative work calculated by ideal gas separation model and regeneration separation model are compared for the adsorption method. According to the concept of lost work, the effectiveness and cost of temperature swing adsorption（TSA） for CO₂ capture can be analyzed from the perspective of regeneration temperature, initial volume fraction of CO₂, and CO₂ recovery rate. The analyzing results show that the minimum separation work calculated by regeneration separation model is approximately 20% higher than that of ideal gas separation model. The coefficient of performance of TSA for CO₂ capture is around 1.6 and its operating cost is about 40 yuan/t. Finally, it is pointed out that as an important application method of direct air capture, adsorption method will further facilitate the coupling of carbon capture and renewable energy technologies. To pursue carbon neutrality, the development of adsorption carbon capture technology requires joint advancement of policies, technology research and business model.

Key words: carbon neutrality, carbon capture, temperature swing adsorption, renewable energy, energy efficiency, operating cost, energy storage

中图分类号:

X511：X701

赵睿恺, 赵力, 赵军. 面向碳中和目标的变温吸附碳捕集效能与技术经济性分析[J]. 华电技术, 2021, 43(6): 41-46.

ZHAO Ruikai, ZHAO Li, ZHAO Jun. Effectiveness and techno-economic analysis on temperature swing adsorption for CO₂ capture targeting at carbon neutrality[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(6): 41-46.

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