面向西北地区枸杞干燥的太阳能-空气源热泵双源系统优化研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2026.06.005

综合智慧能源 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 57-67.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2026.06.005

面向西北地区枸杞干燥的太阳能-空气源热泵双源系统优化研究

王营超¹^,²(), 刘亚锁¹(), 高钾¹(), 蒋甲丁¹(), 尹少武¹^,³(), 樊小朝¹()

¹ 新疆工程学院能源工程学院，乌鲁木齐 830023
² 华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院，广州 510641
³ 北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院，北京 100083

收稿日期:2025-09-10 修回日期:2025-11-10 出版日期:2026-04-17
作者简介:王营超（1991），男，讲师，博士生，从事能源高效利用、传热传质、储能技术等方面的研究，wyc@xjie.edu.cn；
刘亚锁（1994），男，讲师，硕士，从事储能技术、风能利用等方面的研究，lysusst@163.com；
高钾（1985），男，副教授，硕士，从事燃烧及热辐射分析、智能发电等方面的研究，gaojiawenqiang@163.com；
蒋甲丁（1982），男，教授，博士，从事能源与动力工程、智能控制及电解制氢技术等方面的研究，jjd917@163.com；
尹少武（1979），男，教授，博士，从事储能材料及其应用、烟气净化与余热回收、超细颗粒制备与表征、谷物/中药材干燥等方面的研究，yinsw@ustb.edu.cn；
樊小朝（1979），男，教授，博士，从事新能源发电、储能技术及综合能源系统等方面的研究，fxc0102@126.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(72361033);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2023D01A79);新疆维吾尔自治区“2+5”重点人才计划项目(03090003448);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2022B01018-1)

Optimization of solar-assisted air source heat pump dual-source system for wolfberry drying in Northwest China

WANG Yingchao¹^,²(), LIU Yasuo¹(), GAO Jia¹(), JIANG Jiading¹(), YIN Shaowu¹^,³(), FAN Xiaochao¹()

¹ School of Energy Engineering， Xinjiang Institute of Engineering， Urumqi 830023， China
² School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering， South China University of Technology， Guangzhou 510641， China
³ School of Energy and Environmental Engineering， University of Science and Technology Beijing， Beijing 100083， China

Received:2025-09-10 Revised:2025-11-10 Published:2026-04-17
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(72361033);Natural Science Foundation Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2023D01A79);Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "2+5" Key Talent Program Project(03090003448);Key Research and Development Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022B01018-1)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对西北地区农副产品干燥过程中能耗高、碳排放量大以及传统太阳能干燥技术受天气影响大、稳定性差等问题，构建了一种高效稳定的多能互补干燥系统。该系统旨在寻求一种适应西北地区高辐照度的清洁干燥技术方案以实现枸杞等高附加值农产品的绿色低碳加工。选取新疆精河县枸杞干燥为具体应用场景，设计并搭建了太阳能-空气源热泵双热源协同干燥系统。基于TRNSYS平台建立了系统的动态仿真模型，并结合精河县典型气象年数据对系统运行特性进行分析，提出了基于光照阈值的双模式运行策略：即晴天模式下由太阳能集热器独立供热，阴天或辐照不足时启动空气源热泵进行辅助加热。以系统费用年值最小化为优化目标，利用Genopt优化算法，对集热器面积、热泵额定制热量及集热器倾角等关键参数进行多目标协同优化。仿真与优化结果表明，系统在最佳参数组合下表现出优异的性能。与优化前相比，系统费用年值降低了9.0%，初投资降低了11.0%，运行能效比提升至3.4。此外，该系统将枸杞干燥周期从传统方式的18~22 h缩短至12 h，显著提升了干燥效率。环境效益方面，与传统燃煤干燥相比，该系统实现了81.3%的CO₂减排量。提出的“光热优先-热泵互补”动态协同机制及优化后的系统参数，有效克服了太阳能的间歇性缺陷，降低了运行成本与碳排放。该技术方案为西北地区农产品干燥装备的绿色升级提供了可靠的理论依据和具有实践推广价值的技术路径。

关键词: 太阳能-空气源热泵, 双热源干燥系统, 动态仿真, 参数优化, 能耗, 碳减排

Abstract:

To address the high energy consumption，heavy carbon emissions， and the instability and weather dependency of traditional solar drying technologies in Northwest China， an efficient and stable multi-energy complementary drying system has been developed. The system aimed to provide a clean drying technology suitable for regions in Northwest China with abundant solar resources. Taking wolfberry drying in Jinghe County，Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，as the application scenario，a solar-assisted air source heat pump dual-source drying system was proposed and constructed. A dynamic simulation model was established on the TRNSYS platform. Combined with local meteorological data，the operational characteristics of the system under typical operating conditions were analyzed. A dual-mode operational strategy based on working-condition switching was proposed：solar energy provided heating independently on sunny days，while the heat pump supplied auxiliary heating on cloudy days or under insufficient solar irradiation conditions. Taking the system's annual cost as the optimization objective，key parameters including collector area，heat pump heating capacity，and collector tilt angle were optimized using the Genopt optimization algorithm. The system exhibited excellent performance under optimal parameter combinations. The results showed that after optimization，the system's annual cost decreased by 9%，the operational energy efficiency ratio improved to 3.4，and the initial investment was reduced by 11%. Additionally， the drying period for wolfberry was shortened from 18-22 h with traditional methods to 12 h， significantly enhancing drying efficiency. In terms of environmental benefits， the system achieved an 81.3% reduction in CO₂ emissions compared to the conventional drying method supported by coal. The dynamic synergy mechanism and optimized system parameters should follow the principle of "prioritizing solar thermal energy and taking heat pumps as supplementary heat sources". This strategy effectively addressed the intermittency of solar energy， reduced the operating costs， and lowered carbon emissions. The findings provide a reliable theoretical basis and a practically valuable technical scheme for the green upgrading of agricultural product drying equipment in the high irradiation regions of Northwest China.

Key words: solar-assisted air source heat pump, dual-heat-source drying system, dynamic simulation, parameter optimization, energy consumption, carbon emission reduction

中图分类号:

TK01：X522

王营超, 刘亚锁, 高钾, 蒋甲丁, 尹少武, 樊小朝. 面向西北地区枸杞干燥的太阳能-空气源热泵双源系统优化研究[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2026, 48(6): 57-67.

WANG Yingchao, LIU Yasuo, GAO Jia, JIANG Jiading, YIN Shaowu, FAN Xiaochao. Optimization of solar-assisted air source heat pump dual-source system for wolfberry drying in Northwest China[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2026, 48(6): 57-67.

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参数	数值
模型尺寸（长×宽×高）/m	3.00×2.00×2.70
顶部风道高度/m	0.47
底部排湿腔/m	0.30
有效装载区（长×宽×高）/m	3.00×2.00×2.00
墙体和地板材料	50 mm聚氨酯夹芯板热导率为0.022~0.025 W/（m·K）

参数	数值
单托盘尺寸（长×宽）/m	1.20×1.00
单层托盘数量	4
总层数	5
总托盘数	20
单托盘装载量/kg	8.16
总装载量/kg	163.20

部件名称	部件类型	部件名称	部件类型
平板型集热器	Type71b	控制器	Type2c
空气源热泵	Type954a	混流三通	Type11c
气象数据	Type15-2	计算器	Equation
空气换热器	Type760	定频风机	Type3c
热泵蒸发器	Type752	排湿风机	Type146
打印机	Type65b	积分器	Type24

模型	模型计算	R²	R_MSE
Newton	${\mathit{M}}_{\mathrm{R}}={\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathit{k}\mathit{t}}$	0.928 5	0.045 2
Page	${\mathit{M}}_{\mathrm{R}}={\mathrm{e}}^{{}^{-\mathit{k}{\mathit{t}}^{\mathit{n}}}}$	0.991 2	0.015 8
Henderson and Pabis	${\mathit{M}}_{\mathrm{R}}=\mathit{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{{}^{-\mathit{k}\mathit{t}}}$	0.945 5	0.040 1
Logarithmic	${\mathit{M}}_{\mathrm{R}}=\mathit{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathit{k}\mathit{t}}+\mathit{c}$	0.978 8	0.024 1
Two-term	${\mathit{M}}_{\mathrm{R}}=\mathit{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{-{\mathit{k}}_{0}\mathit{t}}+\mathit{b}{\mathrm{e}}^{-{\mathit{k}}_{1}\mathit{t}}$	0.983 3	0.021 0
Wang and Singh	${\mathit{M}}_{\mathrm{R}}=1+\mathit{a}\mathit{t}+\mathit{b}{\mathit{t}}^{2}$	0.901 2	0.055 5
Thompson	$\mathit{t}=\mathit{a}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{n}\left({\mathit{M}}_{\mathrm{R}}\right)+\mathit{b}{\left[\mathrm{l}\mathrm{n}\left({\mathit{M}}_{\mathrm{R}}\right)\right]}^{2}$	0.935 1	0.042 0

参数设置	集热器面积/m²	热泵额定制热量/kW	集热器倾角/（°）
初始值	22	4.5	34
最小值	15	3.0	20
最大值	30	6.0	50
迭代步长	1	0.1	1

面向西北地区枸杞干燥的太阳能-空气源热泵双源系统优化研究

Optimization of solar-assisted air source heat pump dual-source system for wolfberry drying in Northwest China

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参考文献 31

相关文章 15

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设备	单价	数量	金额/元
平板型集热器	600 元/m²	22 m²	13 200
空气源热泵	16 000 元/台	1 台	16 000
蒸发器	3 000 元/台	1 台	3 000
空气换热器	800 元/台	2 台	1 600
集热风机	2 000 元/台	1 台	2 000
风道	800 元		800
排湿风机	1 500 元/台	1 台	1 500
安装费用	设备初投资15%		5 715
总计			43 815

日期	优化前电费	优化后电费
06-01	17.72	16.96
06-02	15.44	15.07
06-03	19.91	18.80
06-04	15.40	15.05
06-05	22.33	20.81
06-06	15.47	15.09
06-07	15.50	15.11
总计	121.77	116.88

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