基于用能自洽的高速服务区微网光储组合优化配置

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.02.005

综合智慧能源 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 50-59.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.02.005

基于用能自洽的高速服务区微网光储组合优化配置

刘斌¹^,²(), 罗异²^,^*(), 孙周³, 陈晓祺⁴, 姜之未², 蒋春², 陈明桃²

1.四川蜀兴智慧能源有限责任公司，成都 610041
2.四川蜀道清洁能源集团有限公司，成都 610041
3.四川路桥建设集团股份有限公司，成都 610041
4.四川欣智造科技有限公司，成都 610200

收稿日期:2024-09-18 修回日期:2024-10-12 出版日期:2024-11-22
通讯作者: ^* 罗异（1989），男，工程师，硕士，从事微电网运行优化控制方面的研究，jiayouluoyi@163.com。
作者简介:刘斌（1983），男，高级工程师，硕士，从事交能融合创新发展与微电网等方面的研究，32855734@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB2601400);四川省交通运输科技项目(2023-H-06);四川省交通运输科技项目(2023-D-07)

Optimization configuration of photovoltaic and energy storage microgrid system in high way service areas based on energy self-sufficiency

LIU Bin¹^,²(), LUO Yi²^,^*(), SUN Zhou³, CHEN Xiaoqi⁴, JIANG Zhiwei², JIANG Chun², CHEN Mingtao²

1. Sichuan Shuxing Intelligent Energy Company Limited，Chengdu 610041，China
2. Sichuan Shudao Clean Energy Group Company Limited，Chengdu 610041，China
3. Sichuan Road & Bridge Group Company Limited，Chengdu 610041，China
4. Sichuan X-intelligent Manufacturing Technology Company Limited， Chengdu 610200，China

Received:2024-09-18 Revised:2024-10-12 Published:2024-11-22
Supported by:
National Key R & D Program of China(2021YFB2601400);Sichuan Provincial Transportation Technology Project(2023-H-06);Sichuan Provincial Transportation Technology Project(2023-D-07)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

依托弱电网路域高速公路用能自洽紧迫需求，针对高速公路服务区典型微电网多配电变压器（配变）台区光储组合科学配置问题，提出一种面向工程应用的双层优化算法模型。内层以反向上网电量及用能成本最低为优化目标，计及多台区供配电系统安全运行限制等约束条件建立运行优化调度模型，实现一定光储容量组合参数下系统全年优化运行调度模拟及购电成本等指标计算。外层综合系统整年度购电成本、光储系统投资运维成本，以年均等效成本最小为优化目标，同时考虑服务区光储系统安装容量限制，建立光储优化配置模型，生成最优光储容量配置方案。设计算法求解流程，应用改进粒子群优化算法及带约束混合整数规划求解器实现模型高效求解。算例表明，所提模型可有效实现光储容量最优组合配置，年节省购电费用27.4%，在规划运行年限内提前47.6%时间实现光储系统投资回收，显著降低了系统综合成本。

关键词: 高速公路服务区, 光储优化配置, 年均等效成本, 粒子群优化算法, 混合整数规划, 微电网

Abstract:

Building upon the demand for energy self-sufficiency of highways，particularly within weak grid networks， this study proposes an engineering-oriented dual-layer optimization algorithm model for scientific configuration of photovoltaic and energy storage systems for typical microgrids with multiple transformer areas in highway service zones.In the inner layer，an operational optimization scheduling model was established with the objective of minimizing energy consumption costs and reverse power flow to the grid. This model simulated the optimal annual scheduling of the system based on specific photovoltaic and energy storage capacity parameters and calculated indicators such as electricity purchase costs. It also accounted for safety constraints within multiple distribution systems. The outer layer integrated the annual electricity purchase costs with the investment and operational costs of the photovoltaic and energy storage system， aiming to minimize the annualized equivalent cost. It also considered installation capacity limitations to generate the optimal photovoltaic and energy storage capacity configuration scheme in service areas. The algorithm solving process was designed using an improved particle swarm optimization （PSO） algorithm and mixed-integer programming solver for solving constraint interger programs（SCIP） for efficient model solution. A case demonstrated that the proposed model could effectively achieve the optimal configuration of photovoltaic and energy storage capacity， resulting in an annual saving of 27.4% in electricity purchase costs. Moreover， the payback period for the photovoltaic storage system investment was 47.6% shorter than the planned operational lifespan， significantly reducing the overall system cost.

Key words: highway service area, photovoltaic and storage optimal configuration, annualized equivalent cost, particle swarm optimization, mixed-integer programming, microgrid

中图分类号:

TM715

刘斌, 罗异, 孙周, 陈晓祺, 姜之未, 蒋春, 陈明桃. 基于用能自洽的高速服务区微网光储组合优化配置[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2025, 47(2): 50-59.

LIU Bin, LUO Yi, SUN Zhou, CHEN Xiaoqi, JIANG Zhiwei, JIANG Chun, CHEN Mingtao. Optimization configuration of photovoltaic and energy storage microgrid system in high way service areas based on energy self-sufficiency[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2025, 47(2): 50-59.

图/表 14

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

表2

算例参数设置

参数	数值	参数	数值
C_E/[元·(kW·h)^-1]	1 500	P_gridmax/(kV·A)	1 000
C_P/(元·kW^-1)	900	θ_max	0.5
α/%	1	C_PV/(元·kW^-1)	3 040
ηⁱ_c._n,ηⁱ_d._n	0.95	Pⁱ_pvratemax/kW	100
$S O C m a x, n i$ /%	100	β/%	1.3
$S O C m i n, n i$ /%	10	m/a	10
Eⁱ_capmax/(kW·h)	1 000	γ	0.04
θ_min	0.5	N_days/d	365
Pⁱ_max/(kV·A)	630	调度周期/h	1

表2

图5

表3

图6

图7

图8

表4

表5

表6

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时段	时间	电价
高峰	10:00 —12:00,15:00 —21:00	0.942 7
尖峰	7—8月：15:00 —17:00 1月，12月:19:00 —21:00	1.121 9
平段	07:00 —10:00, 12:00 —15:00， 21:00 —23:00	0.606 6
低谷	23:00 —次日07:00	0.270 6

指标	数值	指标	数值
光伏年总发电量/(MW·h)	208.13	年均等效总投资成本/万元	16.40
年总用电量/ (MW·h)	1 772.54	年度总运维成本/ 万元	1.40
年总反向上网电量/(MW·h)	0	年度综合成本/万元	97.73
年累计外购电电量/(MW·h)	1 581. 88	年度总节省电费/ 万元	24.63
年总购电成本/万元	81.33	光储投资回收年限/a	5.23

配置方案	C^inv	C^com	C^ope	年度综合成本
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=30 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=36 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =72 kW·h	9.98	0.80	93.06	103.03
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=40 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	10.59	0.86	91.67	102.26
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=50 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW；Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	11.42	0.94	90.07	101.50
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=60 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW；Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	12.25	1.02	88.48	100.73
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=70 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	13.08	1.10	86.89	99.97
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=80 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW；Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	13.91	1.18	85.30	99.21
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=90 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	14.74	1.26	83.72	98.46
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=100 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=39 kW；Eⁱ_cap._n =78 kW·h	16.40	1.40	81.33	97.73

配置方案	年度节省总电费/万元	总投资回收年限/a
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=30 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=36 kW；Eⁱ_cap._n =72 kW·h	12.90	6.14
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=40 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	14.29	5.87
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=50 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	15.89	5.68
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=60 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	17.48	5.53
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=70 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	19.07	5.40
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=80 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	20.66	5.29
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=90 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=35 kW； Eⁱ_cap._n =70 kW·h	22.24	5.21
Pⁱ_pvrate._n=100 kW；Pⁱ_pcsrate._n=39 kW；Eⁱ_cap._n =78 kW·h	24.63	5.23

指标	数值	指标	数值
光伏年总发电量/(MW·h)	208.13	年均等效总投资成本/万元	10.37
年总用电量/(MW·h)	1 772.54	年度总运维成本/万元	0.95
年总反向上网电量/(MW·h)	1.91	年度综合成本/万元	97.91
年累计外购电电量/(MW·h)	1 571.15	年度总节省用电电费/万元	18.42
年总购电成本/ 万元	87.62	光储投资回收年限/a	4.37

基于用能自洽的高速服务区微网光储组合优化配置

Optimization configuration of photovoltaic and energy storage microgrid system in high way service areas based on energy self-sufficiency

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