华电技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 70-75.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.03.011

• 新能源 • 上一篇    下一篇

国内外生物质能源发电技术应用进展

张东旺1,2, 范浩东1,4, 赵冰3, 王家林3, 巩太义3, 张缦2,*(), 李诗媛1, 杨海瑞2, 吕俊复2   

  • 收稿日期:2021-01-06 修回日期:2021-01-27 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 张缦
  • 作者简介:张东旺(1996—),男,河北定州人,在读硕士研究生,从事生物质发电研究工作(E-mail:18810551680@163.com)。
    范浩东(1998—),男,山西忻州人,在读硕士研究生,从事煤泥流化床清洁燃烧等研究工作。
    赵冰(1981—),男,山东平原人,工程师,从事火力发电工程管理研究工作。
    王家林(1974—),男,山西山阴人,助理工程师,从事热能与动力工程研究工作。
    巩太义(1972—),男,山东蓬莱人,工程师,从事热能与动力工程研究工作。
    李诗媛(1979—),女,北京人,教授,博士生导师,从事煤炭清洁高效燃烧研究工作。
    杨海瑞(1972—),男,北京人,教授,博士生导师,从事循环流化床锅炉技术煤燃烧及污染物控制研究工作。
    吕俊复(1967—),男,辽宁大连人,教授,博士生导师,从事循环流化床燃烧理论与技术研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0600203);中国华电集团科技项目(CHDKJ19-01-88)

Development of biomass power generation technology at home and abroad

ZHANG Dongwang1,2, FAN Haodong1,4, ZHAO Bing3, WANG Jialin3, GONG Taiyi3, ZHANG Man2,*(), LI Shiyuan1, YANG Hairui2, LYU Junfu2   

  • Received:2021-01-06 Revised:2021-01-27 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-03-25
  • Contact: ZHANG Man

摘要:

生物质能源是可再生清洁能源,对节能减排具重要意义。生物质发电不仅能实现“碳中和”,在我国实现“碳达峰”后还可替代部分煤电,成为电网调峰的重要力量。分析了生物质燃烧特性,分别介绍了国内外纯燃生物质发电、生物质与煤混烧发电和生物质气化耦合燃煤锅炉的应用现状。指出生物质纯燃发电项目容量小,发电效率不高且易出现积灰和氯腐蚀的问题,机组可用率偏低。生物质与煤混烧技术可以利用现有大容量发电机组,需要的额外投资小,具有较高的灵活性,可有效提高生物质利用效率,避免纯燃带来的一系列问题,是现阶段更经济可行的发电方案。目前,生物质与煤混烧发电项目的建设和运营需要上网电价的政策支持。

关键词: 生物质能源, 纯燃, 混烧, 燃煤耦合生物质发电, 循环流化床, 碳达峰, 碳中和, 零碳, 超低排放

Abstract:

Biomass energy is a renewable and clean energy,which is of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.Biomass power generation can not only achieve carbon neutralization,but also replace some coal power after achieving carbon peak in China,which has become an important force in peak shaving of power grid.The combustion characteristics of biomass were analyzed,and the applications of pure biomass combustion for power generation,co-firing of biomass and coal for power generation,and biomass gasification coupled with coal in China and abroad were introduced respectively.It is pointed out that the capacity,efficiency and availability of pure biomass combustion units are insufficient,and the ash deposition and chlorine corrosion are prone to occur.The biomass and coal co-combustion technology can make use of the existing large-capacity power generating units with a little additional investment,and bring in high flexibility and improvement on biomass utilization efficiency.It is an economical and feasible power generation scheme at this stage,since it can avoid a series of problems caused by pure combustion.But the construction and operation of biomass and coal co-firing power generation projects will be difficult without policy support on electricity price.

Key words: biomass energy, pure combustion, co-combustion, co-firing of coal and biomass for power generation, circulating fluidized bed, carbon peak, carbon neutrality, zero carbon, ultra-low pollutants emission

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