共享储能参与下的多类型电能交易投标策略及价值分配机制

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.08.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为应对新型电力系统对灵活性调节资源不足带来的挑战，我国积极推进电力市场化改革，培育多元化市场主体，并提出共享储能参与下多类型电源市场的运营模式与基于VCG机制的灵活性资源价值分配机制。该运营模式包括市场层、竞价层与调度层，各层决策相互影响。根据各类型电源运营商的收益函数，以社会福利最大化为目标进行竞胜标决策。该电能交易机制包括竞胜标决策与资金结算。基于VCG机制精准识别多类型市场主体在电能量市场做出的贡献进行价值分配。最后，通过我国西北新能源汇集区域的实测数据验证了所提价值分配的合理性与有效性。

关键词: 新型电力系统, 共享储能, 新能源, 电能交易投标策略, 价值分配, VCG机制, 多类型市场主体

Abstract:

To address the challenges brought by insufficient flexible regulation resources in the new power systems， the market-oriented reform is promoted and diversified market entities are cultivated in China's electricity sector， to address the value allocation issues related to shared energy storage in meeting multiple regulation demands， a new operational model for the participation of shared energy storage in multi-type power source markets is proposed， along with a flexibility resource value allocation mechanism based on the Vickrey Clarke Groves（VCG） mechanism. The operational model included three layers： the market layer， the bidding layer， and the dispatch layer， with decisions at each layer influencing one another. The electricity trading mechanism consisted of winning bidding decisions and financial settlement. The winning bidding decisions were based on the utility functions of multi-type power source operators to maximize social welfare. The VCG mechanism was applied to accurately identify and allocate the value of contributions made by different market participants in the electricity market. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed value allocation mechanism were verified using empirical data from the northwest new energy convergence region in China.

Key words: new power system, shared energy storage, renewable energy, electricity bidding strategy, value distribution, VCG mechanism, multi-type market entity

中图分类号:

TK011

褚龙浩, 李笑竹. 共享储能参与下的多类型电能交易投标策略及价值分配机制[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2025, 47(8): 30-39.

CHU Longhao, LI Xiaozhu. Bidding strategies and value allocation mechanism for multi-type electric energy trading with participation of shared energy storage[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2025, 47(8): 30-39.

图/表 13

图1

图2

图3

表1

发电厂参数设置

发电设备	Cⁱ	Bⁱ	Aⁱ	$E t G 上限$ /（MW·h）	$E t G 下限 /$ （MW·h）
G1	0.073	29.037	786.799	20	130
G2	0.078	33.971	451.159	40	105
G3	0.078	33.971	1 049.998	40	105
G4	0.083	35.889	1 243.531	20	100
G5	0.088	38.557	1 658.569	20	65
G6	0.088	39.557	1 356.659	1	35
W1	0.105	45.557	0	0	149
W2	0.105	45.557	0	0	149

表1

表2

储能系统参数设置

参数	取值	参数	取值
$S O C, t$ 上限/%	95	$S O C, t$ 下限/%	15
$η c h$ /%	93	$η d i s$ /%	93
C_P/(元·kW^-1)	850	C_E/[元·（kW·h）^-1]	1 620
C_M/(元·kW^-1)	705	$T b$ /a	15

表2

图4

表3

表4

表5

图5

图6

图7

图8

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时间段	风电场负荷	储能负荷	灵活可调负荷
00:00-01：00	278.33	(-40,0)	401.70
01:00-02:00	290.02	(-40,0)	406.69
02:00-03:00	210.97	(-40,0)	406.69
03:00-04:00	197.87	(-40,0)	414.64
04:00-05:00	177.29	(0,40)	414.64
05:00-06:00	256.34	(0,40)	425.00
06:00-07:00	236.23	(0,40)	425.00
07:00-08:00	237.16	0	437.05
08:00-09:00	292.36	0	450.00
09:00-10:00	247.92	0	493.30
10:00-11:00	229.21	0	498.29
11:00-12:00	207.69	(-40,0)	500.00
12:00-13:00	157.17	(-40,0)	498.29
13:00-14:00	129.11	(-40,0)	493.30
14:00-15:00	116.94	(-40,0)	475.00
15:00-16:00	139.40	(-40,0)	462.94
16:00-17:00	116.94	0	462.94
17:00-18:00	116.94	0	475.00
18:00-19:00	126.30	(0,40)	485.35
19:00-20:00	130.98	(0,40)	485.35
20:00-21:00	163.72	(0,40)	450.00
21:00-22:00	173.08	(-40,0)	414.64
22:00-23:00	215.18	(-40,0)	401.70
23:00-24:00	233.89	(-40,0)	400.00

案例	火电机组报价			风电机组报价			储能系统报价			可调度负荷报价
案例	高	中	低	高	中	低	高	中	低	高	中	低
1	√			√			√			√
2		√			√			√			√
3		√		√			√			√
4			√	√			√			√
5			√		√			√			√
6			√			√			√			√

案例	火电运营商收益	新能源场站运营商收益	储能运营商收益	负荷运营商收益	社会福利
1	197	996	174	2 190	3 557
2	117	671	116	1 450	2 354
3	116	996	174	2 190	3 476
4	86	996	174	2 190	3 446
5	87	671	116	1 450	2 324
6	87	494	86	1 150	1 817