三级式风电AVC协调控制策略

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,我国新能源技术迅猛发展,其中风电并网发电量增长迅速。但风电的接入往往采取大规模集群式并网的方式,导致电压不稳定问题突出、风电并网点电压越限问题严重。自动电压控制（AVC）系统是电网无功电压管理的重要技术手段,对电网实现经济稳定运行有重要意义。基于目前电网中风电大规模接入的情况,提出了风电参与下的电网AVC系统改进控制策略,即基于分级式控制结构,建立三级式风电AVC系统协调控制策略,以风电汇集站作为中间协调层,在协调层进行控制决策,并通过罚函数处理的方式将多机组非线性无功优化问题变为无功分配极值问题,最后,结合提出的改进和声搜索算法寻求无功的最优解。该策略可以确保AVC系统控制下电网的经济稳定运行。

关键词: 风电, 自动电压控制系统, 电压控制策略, 非线性无功优化, 仿真模型, 新能源

Abstract:

In recent years, China's new energy technology has developed rapidly. Among them, power generated by grid-connected wind farms has grown rapidly. However, wind power accesses to the grid in a way of large-scale wind farm cluster, which leads to severe voltage instability and voltage over-limit at wind power grid-connected points. Automatic voltage control （AVC） system is an important technical means for reactive power voltage management, and is of great significance to the economic and stable operation of the power grid. Based on the current situation that large-scale wind power has connected to the power grid, an improved control strategy for the AVC system with wind power participation is proposed. It is a three-level wind power AVC system coordinated control strategy constructed based on a hierarchical control structure, with wind power collection stations as the intermediate co-ordination layer. The control decision is made on this layer by converting multi-unit nonlinear reactive power optimization to reactive power extreme value distribution through penalty function process. Finally, the optimal solution of reactive power is found through the proposed improved harmony search algorithm. The strategy can ensure the economic and stable operation of the power grid under the control of the AVC system.

Key words: wind power, AVC system, voltage control strategy, nonlinear reactive power optimization, simulation model, new energy

中图分类号:

TK83

陈逸珲, 林令淇, 田鑫, 张栋梁, 吴军, 刘子晨. 三级式风电AVC协调控制策略[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2022, 44(4): 20-27.

CHEN Yihui, LIN Lingqi, TIAN Xin, ZHANG Dongliang, WU Jun, LIU Zichen. Three-level wind power AVC coordinated control strategy[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2022, 44(4): 20-27.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

表1

表2

图4

表3

图5

图6

表4

部分时刻 W t值统计

时刻	$W t$
时刻	无策略	方式1	方式2
15:10	0.799 095 023	0.199 095 023	0.530 920 060
15:20	0.995 475 113	0.265 460 030	0.398 190 045
15:30	0.796 380 090	0.199 095 023	0.265 460 030
15:40	0.995 475 113	0.132 730 015	0.530 920 060
15:50	0.862 745 098	0.265 460 030	0.663 650 075
16:00	1.061 840 121	0.132 730 015	0.597 285 068

表4

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参数	数值
额定电压/V	690
定子电阻（标幺值）	0.008 4
定子漏抗（标幺值）	0.124 8
转子电阻（标幺值）	0.008 3
转子漏抗（标幺值）	0.088 4
励磁电抗（标幺值）	1.836 5
额定功率/MW	1.5
阻抗基值（标幺值）	0.563

风电场	装机容量/MW	动态无功补偿装置容量/(MV·A)
1	150.0	20
2	225.0	20
3	300.0	20
4	120.0	20
5	180.0	20

参数	数值
搜索库大小	80
搜索概率	0.7~0.9
扰动调整率	0.05
迭代次数	500