工业共生体系下生物质资源化利用的物质能量流分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.07.004

综合智慧能源 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 30-39.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.07.004

工业共生体系下生物质资源化利用的物质能量流分析

吴彤¹^,²(), 王守鑫³(), 程星星¹^,²^,^*(), 刘坤坤¹^,²

1.山东大学能源与动力工程学院，济南 250061
2.燃煤污染物减排国家工程实验室，济南 250061
3.华电青岛热力有限公司，山东青岛 266031

收稿日期:2023-05-10 修回日期:2023-06-05 接受日期:2023-07-07 出版日期:2023-07-25
通讯作者: *程星星（1984），女，教授，博士，从事大气污染物减排方面的研究，xcheng@sdu.edu.cn。
作者简介:吴彤（1998），男，在读硕士研究生，从事可再生能源利用经济性分析评价方面的研究，202134517@mail.sdu.edu.cn；
王守鑫（1993），男，工程师，从事可再生能源利用经济性分析评价方面的工作，925653825@qq.com。
基金资助:
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020ME190);山东省重点研发计划项目(2020CXGC011402)

Analysis of material and energy flows in biomass resource utilization under industrial symbiosis system

WU Tong¹^,²(), WANG Shouxin³(), CHENG Xingxing¹^,²^,^*(), LIU Kunkun¹^,²

1. School of Energy and Power Engineering，Shandong University，Jinan 250061，China
2. Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion，Jinan 250061，China
3. Huadian Qinhdao Heat-Supply Company Limited，Qingdao 266031，China

Received:2023-05-10 Revised:2023-06-05 Accepted:2023-07-07 Published:2023-07-25
Supported by:
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2020ME190);National Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(2020CXGC011402)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在全球化石能源日益紧张的背景下，以电力、生物燃料为代表的生物能源得到广泛生产。但由于原料收集困难以及经济可行性问题，难以提升产业规模。工业共生是实现资源有效利用的可持续发展模式。在工业共生视角下，以生物质热电联产（CHP）厂、生物乙醇厂、厌氧消化（AD）厂、生物油精炼厂、水泥厂为协同对象，对生物质资源化利用的4种协同模式进行了物质能量流分析，并在此基础上进行了能效和经济性分析结果表明，工业共生体系有利于提高生物质产业之间的资源再利用，减少废物浪费。在生物质秸秆供应量为13.73 t/h，生物乙醇产量为660 L/h，生物油产量为1.01 t/h，AD的沼气产量为275 m3/h，水泥产量67.68 t/h的前提下，通过废物和副产品的再利用，4种协同模式分别额外产生了0.36，2.93，3.47，6.54 MW·h的电力以及1 365.8，4 548.8，2 883.2和29 489.4 MJ的热力。4种协同模式运行下能量利用效率比各工厂单独运行时分别变化了-2.66%，11.96%，4.15%和9.40%。每年可分别节约原料收集和运输成本约45.4，369.2，437.2，824.0 万元。这项工作为生物质工业之间协同发展提供了详细的数据参考。

关键词: 生物质能, 工业共生, 协同模式, 物质能量流, 废物再利用, 热电联产

Abstract:

Under the growing global shortage of fossil energy，bioenergy represented by biomass power and biofuels has been widely applied. However，its industry scale is hindered by the difficulty in raw material collecting and the economic feasibility. Industrial symbiosis is a sustainable development way to efficiently use various resources. From the perspective of industrial symbiosis，taking biomass cogeneration plants，bioethanol plants，anaerobic digestion（AD） plants，bio-oil refineries and cement plants as collaborative objects，the material and energy flows in biomass resource utilization are studied under four synergistic modes. Energy efficiency and economy analyses are carried out based on the study. The results show that the industrial symbiosis system is beneficial to resource reuse in biomass industry and waste reduction. In a case study， with a biomass straw supply at 13.73 t/h，the plants above could yield 660 L/h bioethanol，1.01 t/h bio-oil，275 m³/h biogas and 67.68 t/h cement.Through the reuse of wastes and by-products，the industrial symbiosis system cogenerated 0.36，2.93，3.47 h or 6.54 MW·h electric power，and 1 365.8，4 548.8，2 883.2 or 29 489.4 MJ heat under four synergistic modes. The energy utilization efficiencies of the system in four synergistic modes differed from that of the plants in independent operation mode by -2.66%，11.96%， 4.15% and 9.40%，respectively. The cost of raw material collection and transportation were saved by around 454 000，3 692 000，4 372 000 and 82 40 000 Yuan per year，respectively. This study provides reference data for the synergistic development of biomass industries.

Key words: biomass energy, industrial symbiosis, synergistic mode, material and energy flow, waste reuse, CHP

中图分类号:

TK01

吴彤, 王守鑫, 程星星, 刘坤坤. 工业共生体系下生物质资源化利用的物质能量流分析[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2023, 45(7): 30-39.

WU Tong, WANG Shouxin, CHENG Xingxing, LIU Kunkun. Analysis of material and energy flows in biomass resource utilization under industrial symbiosis system[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2023, 45(7): 30-39.

图/表 17

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产业	输入			输出			来源
产业	项目	单位	数值	项目	单位	数值	来源
生物乙醇厂	热	MJ/m³	16 378.40	沼气	m³/m³	113.29	[23, 26, 27]
	电力	MW	7 936.40	固体废物	kg/m³	4 055.61
	秸秆	t/m³	5.85	废水	m³/m³	18.25
	过程水	kg/m³	13 446.00	石膏	kg/m³	1 117.00
	循环水	kg/m³	2 268.00	生物乙醇	kg/h	88 542.00
	稀硫酸	kg/m³	636.00
	Ca（OH）₂	kg/m³	481.00
生物质CHP厂	秸秆	t/h	2.40	热	MJ/h	9 580.00	[28-31]
	秸秆热值	MJ/kg	14.90	电力	MW	2.780
	合成气	t/h	6.07	灰分	t/h	0.13
生物油精炼厂	秸秆	t/h	4.69	生物油	t/h	1.01	[25, 32, 33]
	热量	MJ/h	20 520.00	生物炭	t/h	1.13
	水	t/h	6.50	灰分	t/h	可忽略
	电力	MW	0.210	废水	t/h	5.30
AD厂	粪便	t/d	14.00	沼气	m³/d	6 605.00	[24, 34]
AD厂	固体废物	t/d	70.50	废液废渣	t/d	76.65	[24, 34]
水泥厂	石灰石	t/h	163.80	水泥	t/h	135.36	[35, 36]
	黏土	t/h	4.79	废气	t/h	648.37
	空气	m³/h	786.44	高低温蒸汽	t/h	204.40
	煤	t/h	14.89	灰尘	t/h	20.06
	石膏	t/h	6.80	热力	MJ/h	16 560.00
				电力	MW	13.800

模式	能源	流量	Q_LHV	热量/（MJ·h^-1）	电力/（MW·h）
生物质CHP厂、AD厂	秸秆	5.18 t/h	14 900.00 MJ/t	18130.00	4.800
	沼气（a）	275.00 m³/d	17.64 MJ/m³	1499.00	0.400
	粪便/食品残余物	0.58 t/h /2.94 t/h	—	-133.20	-0.036
	总计			19 495.80	5.160

模式	能源	流量	Q_LHV	热量/（MJ·h^-1）	电力/（MW·h）
生物质CHP厂、AD厂、生物乙醇厂	秸秆	5.18 t/h	14 900.00 MJ/t	18 979.00	5.200
	沼气（a）	275.00 m³/h	17.64 MJ/m³	1 569.80	0.437
	沼气(b)	74.77 m³/h	22.40 MJ/m³	542.00	0.150
	粪便/食品残余	0.58 t/h /2.94 t/h	—	-133.20	-0.036
	秸秆(b)	3.86 t/h	14 900.00 MJ/t	-10 800.00	-1.460
	木质素残留物	2.68 t/h	19 000.00 MJ/t	12 521.20	3.440
	总计			22 678.80	7.730

模式	能源	流量	Q_LHV	热量/（MJ·h^-1）	电力/（MW·h）
生物质CHP厂、AD厂、生物乙醇厂、生物油精炼厂	秸秆	5.18 t/h	14 900.00 MJ/t	19 828.00	5.600
	沼气（a）	275.00 m³/h	17.64 MJ/m³	1 640.60	0.470
	沼气(b)	74.77 m³/h	22.40 MJ/m³	566.40	0.160
	粪便/食品残余物	0.58 t/h /2.94 t/h	—	-133.20	-0.036
	秸秆(b)	3.86 t/h	14 900.00 MJ/t	-10 800.00	-1.460
	秸秆(c)	4.69 t/h	14 900.00 MJ/t	-20 520.00（高温烟气）	-0.210
	木质素/固体残留物	2.68 t/h	19 000.00 MJ/t	13 081.30	3.700
	生物炭（c）	0.44 t/h	25.30 MJ/kg	2 859.80	—
	可燃气(c)	0.81 t/h	11.50 MJ/kg	3 150.30	0.900
	烟气补偿	—	—	-9 180.00	-0.855
	总计			21 013.20	8.270

模式	能源	流量	Q_LHV	热量/（MJ·h^-1）	电力/（MW·h）
生物质CHP厂、AD厂、生物乙醇厂、生物油精炼厂、水泥厂	秸秆	5.18 t/h	14 900.00 MJ/t	20 677.00	6.000
	沼气（a）	275.00 m³/h	17.64 MJ/m³	1 712.40	0.500
	沼气(b)	74.77 m³/h	22.40 MJ/m³	591.20	0.174
	粪便/食品残余物	0.58 t/h /2.94 t/h	—	-133.20	-0.036
	秸秆(b)	3.86 t/h	14 900.00 MJ/t	-10 800.00	-1.460
	秸秆(c)	4.69 t/h	14 900.00 MJ/t	-20 52（高温烟气）	-0.210
	木质素/固体残留物(b)	2.68 t/h	19 000.00 MJ/t	13 641.50	3.960
	生物炭（c）	0.44 t/h	25.30 MJ/kg	2 982.30	—
	可燃气(c)	0.81 t/h	11.50 MJ/kg	3 288.20	0.965
	高温蒸汽(d)	102.20 t/h	—	24 840.00	2.300
	煤、石灰石	7.445 t/h /81.90 t/h	29.30 MJ/kg	—	—
	烟气补偿	—	—	-9 180.00	-0.855
	总计			47 619.40	11.340

工业共生体系下生物质资源化利用的物质能量流分析

Analysis of material and energy flows in biomass resource utilization under industrial symbiosis system

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