考虑主客观响应能力的电动汽车聚合潜力评估

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.09.001

综合智慧能源 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 1-10.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.09.001

• 储能与调峰技术 • 下一篇

考虑主客观响应能力的电动汽车聚合潜力评估

梁艳¹(), 郭立¹, 张丹¹, 刘智琦¹, 胡郁彬², 周霞³^,^*(), 魏聪³, 单宇³

1.国网乌鲁木齐供电公司，乌鲁木齐 830011
2.国电南瑞科技股份有限公司电网安全稳定控制技术分公司，南京 211106
3.南京邮电大学自动化学院人工智能学院，南京 210023

收稿日期:2023-05-11 修回日期:2023-06-29 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-08-21
通讯作者: * 周霞（1978），女，高级工程师，博士，从事电力系统分析与控制等方面的研究， zhouxia@njupt.edu.cn。
作者简介:梁艳（1982），女，高级工程师，从事电力系统、新能源方面的研究，249630932@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(61933005)

Evaluation on the convergence potential of electric vehicles considering their subjective and objective responsiveness

LIANG Yan¹(), GUO Li¹, ZHANG Dan¹, LIU Zhiqi¹, HU Yubin², ZHOU Xia³^,^*(), WEI Cong³, SHAN Yu³

1. State Grid Urumqi Power Supply Company，Urumqi 830011，China
2. State Grid Nanrui Technology Company Limited Power Grid Safety and Stability Control Technology Branch， Nanjing 211106，China
3. College of Automation/College of Artificial Intelligence， Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications， Nanjing 210023，China

Received:2023-05-11 Revised:2023-06-29 Online:2023-09-25 Published:2023-08-21
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(61933005)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着电动汽车（EV）负荷大规模接入电网，配电网的规划与运营迎来了新的挑战。研究电动汽车负荷充放电有序控制及统一调度，以实现规模化EV辅助配电网削峰填谷有重要的现实意义。首先，针对目前EV大量接入所引起的配电网超载问题，从电网侧和用户侧两方面出发，提出一种考虑主客观响应能力的EV聚合潜力评估方法；接着，结合k-means聚类算法与轮廓系数法对EV进行分类，在保证EV运行流动性的前提下，提升大规模EV接入时模型的求解效率；最后，运用层次分析法与熵权法结合的综合赋权法得到权重集，采用秩和比综合评价方法得到EV需求响应聚合潜力评估结果。仿真结果验证了所提评估方法的有效性与优越性，为EV统一调度提供了新思路，对保障电网安全稳定运行具有工程实用价值。

关键词: 电动汽车, 电网, 削峰填谷, 需求侧响应, 量化评估, 聚类算法, 层次分析法, 熵权法, 秩和比综合评价方法

Abstract:

Planning and operation of distribution networks become increasingly challenging with the large-scale grid connection of electric vehicles （EVs）. Studying the orderly control and unified scheduling of EV charging and discharging can facilitate peak load regulation assisted by the load of substantial EVs. In response to the distribution network overload caused by the extensive grid-connection of EVs， a potential evaluation method for electric vehicle aggregation considering subjective and objective response capabilities of the grid side and the user side is proposed. Then， EVs are classified by the k-means clustering algorithm and contour coefficient method， which improves the efficiency of the model solving when massive EVs are connected to the grid under the premise of sufficient operational fluidity of EVs. Finally， the weight set is obtained by the comprehensive weighting method combining the analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method， and the aggregation potential evaluation result of electric vehicle demand response is obtained by the rank-sum ratio（RSR） comprehensive evaluation method. The simulation results validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed evaluation method， providing a new approach for the unified scheduling of EVs， and having engineering value for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

Key words: electric vehicle, power grid, peak load shaving, demand side response, quantitative evaluation, clustering algorithm, analytic hierarchy process, entropy weight method, RSR comprehensive evaluation method

中图分类号:

TK019：TM732

梁艳, 郭立, 张丹, 刘智琦, 胡郁彬, 周霞, 魏聪, 单宇. 考虑主客观响应能力的电动汽车聚合潜力评估[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2023, 45(9): 1-10.

LIANG Yan, GUO Li, ZHANG Dan, LIU Zhiqi, HU Yubin, ZHOU Xia, WEI Cong, SHAN Yu. Evaluation on the convergence potential of electric vehicles considering their subjective and objective responsiveness[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2023, 45(9): 1-10.

图/表 14

图1

图2

表1

图3

表2

九标度法各标度意义

标度	标度意义
1	$a i$ 与 $a j$ 同等重要
3	$a i$ 较 $a j$ 稍微重要
5	$a i$ 较 $a j$ 相当重要
7	$a i$ 较 $a j$ 强烈重要
9	$a i$ 较 $a j$ 极端重要
2，4，6，8	上述相邻判断的中间值
$a i j = 1 / a j i$	倒数

表2

图4

图5

图6

图7

表3

各群体评估指标计算结果

指标	群体1	群体2	群体3
$R N, i, t$ /%	0.776	0.882	0.806
$R - i, t$ （标幺值）	0.08	0.05	0.06
$T 1$ /%	0.233	0.167	0.800
$T 2$ /%	0.967	0.857	0.733
$P r e (i, t)$ /kW	30	21	35
$η (p)$ /kW	15	32	27

表3

表4

各群体评估指标标准化数据

指标层	群体1	群体2	群体3
$R N, i, t$	0	1.000	0.283
$R - i, t$	1.000	0	0.330
$T 1$	0.101	0	1.000
$T 2$	1.000	0.618	0
$P r e (i, t)$	0.643	0	1.000
$η (p)$	0	1.000	0.710

表4

表5

专家九标度法评分结果

评价指标	$R N, i, t$	$R - i, t$	$T 1$	$T 2$	$P r e (i, t)$	$η (p)$
$R N, i, t$	1	3	5	6	3	1
$R - i, t$	1/3	1	3	3	1	1/3
$T 1$	1/5	1/3	1	2	1/2	3
$T 2$	1/6	1/3	1/2	1	1/3	1
$P r e (i, t)$	1/3	1	2	3	1	2
$η (p)$	1	3	1/3	1	1/2	1

表5

表6

图8

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充电模式	额定电压/V	额定电流/A	适用场所
慢速充电	单相220	16	小区
常规充电	单相220	32	商场、停车场
	三相380	32
	三相380	63
快速充电	600	300	高速公路服务区

项目	群体1	群体2	群体3
得分	1.27	2.40	1.88
排名	3	1	2

考虑主客观响应能力的电动汽车聚合潜力评估

Evaluation on the convergence potential of electric vehicles considering their subjective and objective responsiveness

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