基于改进成本分配法的虚拟电厂调度规划

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.01.002

综合智慧能源 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 10-17.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.01.002

• 基于AI的新型电力系统调度 • 上一篇下一篇

基于改进成本分配法的虚拟电厂调度规划

苏锐¹(), 王希龙¹^,^*(), 江阎^2a(), 宋晨辉^2a^,^2b()

1.安徽大学电气工程与自动化学院，合肥 230601
2.长沙理工大学，a.电气与信息工程学院；b.电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室，长沙 410114

收稿日期:2024-08-26 修回日期:2024-12-31 出版日期:2025-01-25
通讯作者: *王希龙（1999），男，硕士生，从事综合能源系统建模与控制、多场景电动汽车负荷密度分析等方面的研究，z23301207@stu.ahu.edu.cn。
作者简介:苏锐（2001），男，硕士生，从事电力系统及其自动化、多合约影响下的虚拟电厂优化调度等方面的研究，z23301197@stu.ahu.edu.cn；
江阎（2004），女，从事综合能源系统优化运行方面的研究，jiangyan666333999@163.com；
宋晨辉（1993），男，讲师，硕士生导师，博士，从事综合能源系统与配电网的建模分析与规划运行等方面的研究，songchenhui66399@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52307079)

Scheduling planning for virtual power plants based on an improved cost allocation method

SU Rui¹(), WANG Xilong¹^,^*(), JIANG Yan^2a(), SONG Chenhui^2a^,^2b()

1. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation，Anhui University，Hefei 230601，China
2. a. School of Electrical and Information Engineering；b. State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Reduction for Power Grid，Changsha University of Science and Technology，Changsha 410114，China

Received:2024-08-26 Revised:2024-12-31 Published:2025-01-25
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52307079)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电动汽车和分布式电源的高比例接入会影响电力系统的用电平衡，虚拟电厂为提高可再生能源利用率并均衡负荷提供了新思路。现有研究很少涉及不同利益相关者管理的虚拟电厂和电动汽车充电站之间的合作。提出多利益相关者虚拟电厂-电动汽车充电站系统的合作运营框架。不同利益相关者的利益冲突可以通过 $τ$ 值成本分配法解决，同时建立反馈机制，收集利益相关者的意见，对成本分配方案进行持续优化和改进。针对所提出的模型，采用分层强化学习算法，通过将复杂的问题分解为多个子问题，并在不同层级上分别进行控制和优化，有效克服与大型状态行动空间和奖励系数相关的挑战。数值案例证实了所提方法的有效性。

关键词: 虚拟电厂, 电动汽车充电站, 多利益相关, 反馈机制, $τ$ 值成本分配法, 分层强化学习算法, 可再生能源

Abstract:

The high proportion of electric vehicles （EVs） and distributed power sources would affect the power balance of the power system. Virtual power plants（VPPs） provide a new method to enhance the utilization rate of renewable energy and balance the load. Existing studies rarely address the cooperation between VPPs and EV charging stations（CSs） managed by different stakeholders. A cooperative operation framework is proposed for a multi-stakeholder VPP-EV charging station system. The conflict of interests of different stakeholders was resolved by the $τ$ value cost allocation method，while a feedback mechanism was established to collect stakeholders' opinions，continuously optimizing and improving the cost allocation scheme. A hierarchical reinforcement learning（HRL） algorithm was applied to the proposed model，to effectively overcome the challenges related to large state-action spaces and reward coefficient by decomposing the complex problem into multiple sub-problems and implementing control and optimization at different levels. Numerical cases were presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: virtual power plant, electric vehicle charging station, multi-stakeholder, feedback mechanism, $τ$ value cost allocation method, hierarchical reinforcement learning algorithm, renewable energy

中图分类号:

TK01

苏锐, 王希龙, 江阎, 宋晨辉. 基于改进成本分配法的虚拟电厂调度规划[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2025, 47(1): 10-17.

SU Rui, WANG Xilong, JIANG Yan, SONG Chenhui. Scheduling planning for virtual power plants based on an improved cost allocation method[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2025, 47(1): 10-17.

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算法	求解时间最小值/s	求解时间最大值/s	求解时间平均值/s	目标函数最大值方差/s²
PPO	1.276	16.561	15.227	0.041
PSO	1.641	15.652	14.984	0.035
DDPG	9.634	11.638	10.191	0.015
HRL	9.721	11.701	10.227	0.012

基于改进成本分配法的虚拟电厂调度规划

Scheduling planning for virtual power plants based on an improved cost allocation method

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