基于光伏出力特性的分布式光储系统优化调度策略

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着我国能源结构的转型升级，太阳能发电愈发受到重视。然而，大规模分布式光伏并网会引起电网的功率波动。储能的介入有助于系统调峰/调频。基于此，提出一种分布式光储系统联合优化调度方法。首先，从经济性和技术性角度构建分布式光储系统优化调度模型，以有功功率波动方差最小为目标，对储能模组的充放电功率进行优化。其次，基于光伏出力预测提出实时调度策略，提升分布式光储系统并网的有序性，有助于平抑电网负荷波动以及调节负荷峰谷差。最后，通过设计具体仿真算例验证了方法的可行性。

关键词: 分布式光伏, 储能模组, 出力特性, 联合优化, 调度策略, 可再生能源

Abstract:

With the transformation and upgrading of China's energy mix， solar power generation technology has received increasing attention. However， large-scale grid-connection of distributed PV power stations will cause power fluctuations in the power grid. Since energy storage systems can facilitate load and frequency regulations， a joint optimal scheduling method for PV‒energy storage systems is proposed. Firstly， the optimal scheduling model of a PV‒energy storage system is constructed considering its economy and technical indicators， and the charging and discharging power of the energy storage modules are optimized with the aim of minimizing the variance of active power fluctuations. Secondly， a real-time scheduling strategy based on predicted PV outputs is proposed to improve the orderly grid-connection of distributed PV‒energy storage systems， which can smooth the load fluctuation of the grid and reduce load‒valley difference. Finally， a simulation study is designed and carried out to verify the feasibility of the method.

Key words: distributed photovoltaic, energy storage module, output characteristic, joint optimization, scheduling strategy, renewable energy

中图分类号:

TK01

董强, 徐君, 方东平, 方丽娟, 陈妍琼. 基于光伏出力特性的分布式光储系统优化调度策略[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2024, 46(4): 17-23.

DONG Qiang, XU Jun, FANG Dongping, FANG Lijuan, CHEN Yanqiong. Optimal scheduling strategy of distributed PV‒energy storage systems based on PV output characteristics[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46(4): 17-23.

图/表 9

图1

图2

表1

表2

图3

图4

图5

表3

图6

参考文献 27

[1]	崔金栋, 朱增陈, 李若彤. 基于纳什均衡理论电网需求侧共享储能定价策略[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2023, 45(11): 55-61. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.11.007
	CUI Jindong, ZHU Zengchen, LI Ruotong. Pricing for shared energy storage strategy on the demand side of power grid based on Nash equilibrium theory[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2023, 45(11): 55-61. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.11.007
[2]	ZHAN Q, SU J, LIN J Y, et al. Coordinated optimization of source-storage-load in distribution network based on edge computation[J]. Energy Reports, 2023, 9: 492-498. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.04.324
[3]	HOURIA A, TOUFIK A, FARID B, et al. Adaptive fuzzy logic-based control and management of photovoltaic systems with battery storage[J]. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 2023:9065061.
[4]	WANG Y, TAN K T, PENG X Y, et al. Coordinated control of distributed energy-storage systems for voltage regulation in distribution networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2016, 31(3): 1132-1141. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2015.2462723
[5]	孙永辉, 赵树野, 张秀路, 等. 考虑分布式光伏与储能联合的区域电网电压稳定性控制方法[J]. 可再生能源, 2022, 40(8): 1115-1122.
	SUN Yonghui, ZHAO Shuye, ZHANG Xiulu, et al. Distributed energy storage coordinated operation strategy for improving voltage stability of regional power grid[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2022, 40(8): 1115-1122.
[6]	李军徽, 孙大朋, 朱星旭, 等. 光伏高渗透率下分布式储能群间协同的电压控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2023, 47(10): 47-56.
	LI Junhui, SUN Dapeng, ZHU Xingxu, et al. Voltage regulation strategy for distributed energy storage considering coordination among clusters with high penetration of photovoltaics[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2023, 47(10): 47-56.
[7]	马兴, 徐瑞林, 康文发, 等. 含分布式光伏、储能的低压配电网电压调节及储能SoC均衡方法[J]. 重庆大学学报, 2022, 45(5): 9-20.
	MA Xing, XU Ruilin, KANG Wenfa, et al. Voltage regulation and battery energy storage SoC balancing method for low voltage distribution network with distributed PV and BESS[J]. Journal of Chongqing University, 2022, 45(5): 9-20.
[8]	杨婧颖, 王武林, 张明敏, 等. 考虑分布式光伏和储能参与的配电网电压分层控制方法[J]. 电力科学与技术学报, 2023, 38(5): 111-120,215.
	YANG Jingying, WANG Wulin, ZHANG Mingmin, et al. Voltage hierarchical control method of distribution network considering distributed photovoltaic and energy storage[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology, 2023, 38(5): 111-120,215.
[9]	张克勇, 王冠瑞, 耿新, 等. 含高比例光-储单元的主动配电网并网功率分布式协同控制策略[J]. 电力科学与技术学报, 2022, 37(2): 147-155.
	ZHANG Keyong, WANG Guanrui, GENG Xin, et al. Distributed cooperative control strategy for grid-connected power in ADN with high proportion of PV-ESS units[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology, 2022, 37(2): 147-155.
[10]	姜飞, 林政阳, 何桂雄, 等. 基于动态一致性算法的光伏-储能分布式协调电压控制[J]. 天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版), 2021, 54(12): 1299-1308.
	JIANG Fei, LIN Zhengyang, HE Guixiong, et al. Coordinated voltage control of distributed photovoltaic-energy-storage systems based on a dynamic consensus algorithm[J]. Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology), 2021, 54(12): 1299-1308.
[11]	张博, 唐巍, 蔡永翔, 等. 基于一致性算法的户用光伏逆变器和储能分布式控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(2): 86-94.
	ZHANG Bo, TANG Wei, CAI Yongxiang, et al. Distributed control strategy of residential photovoltaic inverter and energy storage based on consensus algorithm[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(2): 86-94.
[12]	SYED M M, MORRISON G M, DARBYSHIRE J. Shared solar and battery storage configuration effectiveness for reducing the grid reliance of apartment complexes[J]. Energies, 2020, 13(18):4820. doi: 10.3390/en13184820
[13]	FOLES A, FIALHO L, COLLARES-PEREIRA M. Techno-economic evaluation of the Portuguese PV and energy storage residential applications[J]. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 2020, 39:100686. doi: 10.1016/j.seta.2020.100686
[14]	ZHANG J H, ZHU L D, ZHAO S C, et al. Optimal configuration of energy storage systems in high PV penetrating distribution network[J]. Energies, 2023, 16(5):2168. doi: 10.3390/en16052168
[15]	JONES R K, KURTZ S. Optimizing the configuration of photovoltaic plants to minimize the need for storage[J]. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 2022, 12(3): 860-870. doi: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2022.3157565
[16]	何森, 林舜江, 李广凯. 含光伏的低压配电网分布式储能多目标优化配置与运行[J]. 电工电能新技术, 2019, 38(3): 18-27. doi: 10.12067/ATEEE1807036
	HE Sen, LIN Shunjiang, LI Guangkai. Multi-objective optimal allocation and operation of distributed energy storage in low-voltage distribution network with photovoltaic integration[J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy, 2019, 38(3): 18-27. doi: 10.12067/ATEEE1807036
[17]	李勇, 姚天宇, 乔学博, 等. 基于联合时序场景和源网荷协同的分布式光伏与储能优化配置[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(13): 3289-3303.
	LI Yong, YAO Tianyu, QIAO Xuebo, et al. Optimal configuration of distributed photovoltaic and energy storage system based on joint sequential scenario and source-network-load coordination[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(13): 3289-3303.
[18]	赵立军, 张秀路, 韩丽维, 等. 基于多场景的配电网分布式光伏及储能规划[J]. 现代电力, 2022, 39(4): 460-468.
	ZHAO Lijun, ZHANG Xiulu, HAN Liwei, et al. Distributed photovoltaic generation and energy storage planning of distribution network based on multi scenarios[J]. Modern Electric Power, 2022, 39(4): 460-468.
[19]	方保民, 李红志, 孔祥鹏, 等. 含高比例光伏出力的长期分布式储能配置研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2021, 49(2): 121-129.
	FANG Baomin, LI Hongzhi, KONG Xiangpeng, et al. Research on long-term distributed energy storage configuration with a high proportion of photovoltaic output[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2021, 49(2): 121-129.
[20]	NOTTROTT A, KLEISSL J, WASHOM B. Energy dispatch schedule optimization and cost benefit analysis for grid-connected, photovoltaic-battery storage systems[J]. Renewable Energy, 2013, 55: 230-240. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.12.036
[21]	DAUD M Z, MOHAMED A, IBRAHIM A A, et al. Heuristic optimization of state-of-charge feedback controller parameters for output power dispatch of hybrid photovoltaic/battery energy storage system[J]. Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, 2014, 49(1): 15-25.
[22]	WANG H P, WU X W, SUN K, et al. Economic dispatch optimization of a microgrid with wind-photovoltaic-load-storage in multiple scenarios[J]. Energies, 2023, 16(9):3988. doi: 10.3390/en16103988
[23]	DELFANTI M, FALABRETTI D, MERLO M. Energy storage for PV power plant dispatching[J]. Renewable Energy, 2015, 80: 61-72. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.01.047
[24]	崔金栋, 汪羽晴. 云储能模式下用户侧储能协调优化调度机制研究[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2023, 45(9): 18-25. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.09.003
	CUI Jindong, WANG Yuqing. Research on user-side energy storage coordination and optimization scheduling mechanism under cloud energy storage mode[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2023, 45(9): 18-25. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.09.003
[25]	杜进桥, 徐诗鸿, 胡志豪, 等. 基于光伏出力区间预测的相变储能电-热联合调度策略[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2019, 47(21): 109-116.
	DU Jinqiao, XU Shihong, HU Zhihao, et al. Electric-thermal combined scheduling strategy by phase-change energy storage based on interval prediction of photovoltaic output[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2019, 47(21): 109-116.
[26]	刘皓明, 陆丹, 杨波, 等. 可平抑高渗透分布式光伏发电功率波动的储能电站调度策略[J]. 高电压技术, 2015, 41(10): 3213-3223.
	LIU Haoming, LU Dan, YANG Bo, et al. Dispatch strategy of energy storage station to smooth power fluctuations of high penetration photovoltaic generation[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(10): 3213-3223.
[27]	李烁, 陆洲杰, 吴光源, 等. 基于混合储能的光伏微电网研究[J]. 东北电力技术, 2022, 43(7):1-4.
	LI Shuo, LU Zhoujie, WU Guangyuan, et al. Research on photovoltaic microgrid based on hybrid energy storage[J]. Northeast Electric Power Technology, 2022, 43(7):1-4.

优化调度前后	总共享储能容量/（kW·h）	总运行成本/万元	弃光率/%	平均峰谷差率/%
优化前	9 254.63	2.01	19.0	49.64
优化后	11 928.54	1.60	0.6	36.75