基于生物固碳技术的CO2资源化利用研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

温室气体CO₂积累而导致的全球性气候变化引起了人们的广泛重视,目前全球已有超过120个国家和地区提出了碳中和目标。生物固碳技术因具有反应条件温和、产品多样性等优点,使其在CO₂资源化利用方面表现出优异的应用前景。分别对光合作用固碳原理和微生物电化学固碳原理进行了阐述,主要介绍了光合作用固碳资源化利用方式,如微藻固碳制甲烷、微藻固碳制生物燃料、微藻处理废水等,以及其他生物固碳及资源化利用方式,并对未来基于生物固碳技术的CO₂资源化利用技术的重点研究方向进行了展望。

关键词: 生物固碳, 二氧化碳资源化, 温室气体, 生物转化, 低碳经济, 碳中和, 碳达峰

Abstract:

Global climate change caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases has attracted extensive attention.Nowadays,more than 120 nations and regions have proposed the carbon neutrality targets.Biological carbon sequestration technology shows excellent application prospects in CO₂ resource utilization because of its mild reaction conditions and product diversity.The principles of photosynthetic carbon fixation and microbial electrochemical carbon fixation were described respectively,and the resource utilization methods of photosynthetic carbon fixation were mainly introduced,such as microalgae carbon fixation to methane,microalgae carbon fixation to biofuel,microalgae wastewater treatment,and other biological carbon fixation and resource utilization methods,The key research directions of CO₂ resource utilization technology based on biological carbon sequestration technology in the future are prospected.

Key words: biological carbon sequestration, CO₂ utilization, greenhouse gases, biotransformation, low-carbon economy, carbon neutrality, carbon peak

中图分类号:

胡小夫, 王凯亮, 沈建永, 白永锋. 基于生物固碳技术的CO₂资源化利用研究进展[J]. 华电技术, 2021, 43(6): 79-85.

HU Xiaofu, WANG Kailiang, SHEN Jianyong, BAI Yongfeng. Research progress of CO₂ resource utilization based on biological carbon sequestration technology[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(6): 79-85.

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项目	开放式系统	封闭式系统
污染的危险性,建造成本	高,低	低,高
水分损失,CO₂损失	高,高	低,几乎没有
过程控制,维护难易程度	复杂,容易	相对简单,困难
生产的重复性	变化不定	在一定限度内可能达到
对天气的依赖性,产物浓度	高,低	低,高

基于生物固碳技术的CO₂资源化利用研究进展

Research progress of CO₂ resource utilization based on biological carbon sequestration technology

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