合金纳米颗粒在碳氢燃料SOFC阳极中的应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.08.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

合金纳米颗粒（NPs）由于多金属之间的协同效应使其具有优异的催化性能、抗积碳和抗硫毒化性能,被广泛应用于固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）阳极。NPs在还原气氛下从氧化物支撑体内原位析出,提升了纳米催化剂稳定性的同时使支撑体内富含氧空位,进一步提升阳极的电子电导率和离子电导率。NPs的优异催化性能使SOFC可以碳氢化合物为燃料并具备长期工作稳定性成为可能。主要综述了合金催化剂在SOFC阳极中的发展现状并据此提出了展望。

关键词: 固体氧化物燃料电池, 合金纳米颗粒, 碳氢燃料, 阳极, 催化剂, 协同效应, 钙钛矿

Abstract:

Alloy nanoparticles（NPs）have been widely used in the anodes of solid oxide fuel cells （SOFCs） because of their excellent catalytic performances and high resistances to coke deposition and H₂S. These unique properties mainly originate from the synergistic effect between different metals. In-situ preparation of NPs from parent oxides in reducing atmosphere can produce supported metal nanoparticles with high stability and parent oxides with high oxygen vacancies, which improves the electronic and ionic conductivities of anodes. The excellent catalytic performance of alloy catalysts makes it possible for SOFCs to take hydrocarbon as fuel and operate stably and durably. The trends and advances in metal alloy nanoparticles applied to the anodes of SOFCs are summarized and the prospects for further studies in this field are proposed.

Key words: solid oxide fuel cell, metal alloy nanoparticle, hydrocarbon, anode, catalyst, synergetic effect, perovskite

中图分类号:

TK01:TM911

朱沙沙, 李宗宝, 邓雅恬, 王欣, 贾礼超. 合金纳米颗粒在碳氢燃料SOFC阳极中的应用[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2022, 44(8): 33-42.

ZHU Shasha, LI Zongbao, DENG Yatian, WANG Xin, JIA Lichao. Application of alloy nanoparticles in the anodes of hydrocarbon solid oxide fuel cells[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2022, 44(8): 33-42.

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阳极材料	燃料	温度/℃	OCV/V	P/（mW·cm^-2）	稳定性/h	参考文献
STFN	湿H₂	800	1.00	950	150~200	[7]
Fe-Ni @LCF CrN	CO₂/CO	800	0.85	—	—	[12]
Ni-Fe/SFNM	CH₄/CO₂	850	—	—	—	[14]
FeNi₃@PrBa(Fe,Ni)_1.9Mo_0.1O₅₊_δ	H₂/ CO	750	0.85	520	100	[15]
Fe_0.64-Ni_0.46/SLF	H₂和H₂S	700	0.70	400	40	[16]
Ni-Fe/La_xSr_yFeO_z	合成气	700	1.00	550	10	[17]
R-LSFMN_x（x=0.03~0.07)	合成气	700	1.10	397	12	[18]
NiFe-SFM	CO/CO₂	800	1.00	443	40	[19]
LSFN/Ni-YSZ	CH₄	850	1.15	539	>120	[21]
NF/Ni-YSZ	煤矿瓦斯	800	1.16	660	>100	[22]
LSFMn+NiSDC	干CH₄	850	1.33	668	>120	[23]
LLSFN0.05	湿C₂H₆	750	0.90	424	40	[24]
Fe₃Ni₂/RP-LSMF	H₂S和H₂	800	0.90	566	40	[25]
RP-PSNF-NFA	湿C₃H₈	800	1.10	770	60	[26]
Ni40-Fe60 /SDC	NH₃	700	1.20	370	—	[27]
RP-SFM@CF-SDC	C₃H₈	800	0.80	670	20	[29]
CoFe-R.P.LSCF	H₂	800	1.20	729	—	[30]
La_0.3Sr_0.7Cr_0.3Fe_0.6Co_0.1O_3-_δ	C₃H₈	750	1.10	350	130	[31]
Co-Fe@SFMCo-SDC	C₃H₈	800	0.90	161	68	[32]
Ni_1-_xCo_x-YSZ（x=0.03）	湿H₂	800	1.10	815	—	[33]
SnNi/YSZ	湿CH₄	800	1.10	1 010	>120	[40]
Ni-Mo/YSZ	异辛烷/空气	750	1.01	452	15	[45]
(Pr_0.5Sr_0.5)_0.9Fe_0.9Ru_0.1O_3-_δ	湿H₂	800	1.07	560	>100	[48]
(Pr_0.5Sr_0.5)_0.9Fe_0.8Ru_0.1Nb_0.1O_3-_δ	C₃H₈	800	1.10	537	>100	[49]
RuFe@Sr₂Fe_1.4Ru_0.1Mo_0.5O_6-_δ	CO₂	800	1.20	—	1 000	[50]
Fe₅Mo₅/La₂O₃	NH₃	650	—	—	>130	[51]
CNFO 0.1	H₂	800	1.14	611	150	[53]
Ni_0.6Cu_0.4-_xZn_x	H₂	600	0.95	624	8	[54]
NiFe-ZrO₂/Cu	CH₄/O₂	650	1.00	1 165	100	[55]
LSFN-GDC	湿H₂	800	1.11	349	200	[56]
Ni-Fe/SrLaFeO₄	湿H₂	800	1.02	830	—	[57]
FeNi₃/RP-LSFN	H₂S/H₂	800	0.90	549	20	[58]
LSCNi-Fe	H₂S/合成气	800	0.90	560	24	[59]