自愈控制方法及其在地铁供电系统中的应用研究与展望

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.04.004

综合智慧能源 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 41-62.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.04.004

• 电力系统智能化与控制 • 上一篇下一篇

自愈控制方法及其在地铁供电系统中的应用研究与展望

冯剑冰¹^,²(), 余涛¹(), 程乐峰³^,^*()

¹ 华南理工大学电力学院，广州 510640
² 广州地铁建设管理有限公司，广州 510330
³ 广州大学机械与电气工程学院，广州 510006

收稿日期:2024-10-08 修回日期:2024-12-26 出版日期:2025-03-03
通讯作者: *程乐峰（1990），男，副教授，硕士生导师，博士，从事电力系统优化运行与控制、博弈论、电力市场等方面的研究，chenglefeng@gzhu.edu.cn。
作者简介:冯剑冰（1981），男，正高级工程师，博士，从事地铁供电系统智能控制、地铁柔性直流供电系统等方面的研究，fengjianbing@163.com；
余涛（1974），男，教授，博士生导师，博士，从事复杂电力系统的非线性控制理论、优化及机器学习等方面的研究，taoyu1@scut.edu.cn。
基金资助:
广州市教育局高校科研项目(2024312278)

Research and prospects of self-healing control methods and their applications in metro power supply systems

FENG Jianbing¹^,²(), YU Tao¹(), CHENG Lefeng³^,^*()

¹ School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
² Guangzhou Metro Construction Management Company Limited, Guangzhou 510330, China
³ School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2024-10-08 Revised:2024-12-26 Published:2025-03-03
Supported by:
Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau Higher Education Research Project(2024312278)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地铁作为城市公共交通的重要组成部分，其供电系统的稳定性和可靠性至关重要。不同于传统高压输送电网，地铁供电系统运行于封闭的交直流混合网络中，需应对负荷高动态变化、供电链路短但密集等独特挑战。自愈控制通过实时监测、智能诊断和自动恢复，可确保供电系统在故障发生时能够安全、连续运行。综述了供电系统自愈控制方法的研究进展，重点分析了自愈控制架构体系、智能优化与故障诊断方法；结合地铁供电系统的特性，探讨了多智能体系统（MAS）和IEC 61850通信标准在自愈控制中的应用；针对未来分布式能源接入地铁供电系统的趋势，提出了一系列自愈控制策略，有效降低对集中式电力供应的依赖；探讨了基于大数据、智能算法和分布式控制的新研究方向，为地铁供电系统的自愈控制提供关键技术支撑。

关键词: 地铁供电系统, 自愈控制, 多智能体系统, IEC 61850, 故障诊断, 智能优化, 人工智能, 大数据, 分布式能源

Abstract:

Metro is a crucial part of urban public transportation， and the stability and reliability of its power supply systems are of paramount importance. Unlike traditional high-voltage transmission networks， metro power supply systems operate within a closed AC-DC hybrid network， facing unique challenges such as highly dynamic load variations and short but densely distributed power supply links. Self-healing control ensures safe and continuous operation in the event of faults through real-time monitoring， intelligent diagnosis， and automatic recovery. Research progress on self-healing control methods for power supply systems is reviewed， with a focus on control architectures， intelligent optimization， and fault diagnosis methods. Based on the characteristics of metro power supply systems， the applications of multi-agent systems （MAS） and the IEC 61850 communication standard in self-healing control are explored. Given the trend of integrating distributed energy sources into metro power supply systems， a series of self-healing control strategies are proposed to effectively reduce dependence on centralized power supply. Additionally， emerging research directions based on big data， intelligent algorithms， and distributed control are discussed， providing key technical support for self-healing control in metro power supply systems.

Key words: metro power supply system, self-healing control, multi-agent system, IEC 61850, fault diagnosis, intelligent optimization, artificial intelligence, big data, distributed energy resources

中图分类号:

TK01：TM732

冯剑冰, 余涛, 程乐峰. 自愈控制方法及其在地铁供电系统中的应用研究与展望[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2025, 47(4): 41-62.

FENG Jianbing, YU Tao, CHENG Lefeng. Research and prospects of self-healing control methods and their applications in metro power supply systems[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2025, 47(4): 41-62.

图/表 9

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表1

表2

配电网故障恢复的目标函数和约束条件

项目		函数	特征和复杂度
目标函数	负荷损失最小	$\begin{aligned}\min L= & \lambda_{1} \sum_{i=1}^{N_{1}} z_{i} L_{1 i}+ \\& \lambda_{2} \sum_{j=1}^{N_{2}} z_{j} L_{2 j}\end{aligned}$	λ₁,λ₂分别为一级、二级负载权重系数； z_i,z_j分别为第i个一级负载和第j个二级负载的状态变量
	开关动作最少	$m i n S = ∑ i = 1 N z i$	z_i=1为开关变化； z_i=0为开关不变
	网损最小	$m i n P = ∑ i = 1 N R i P i 2 + Q i 2 U i 2$	R_i,P_i,Q_i,U_i分别为支路i的阻抗、有功功率、无功功率、电压； N为系统支路数
约束条件	支路容量	$P i ≤ P i, m a x$	max为上限； min为下限； g为恢复拓扑； G为辐射拓扑集
	变压器容量	$P t ≤ P t, m a x$
	节点电压	$V i, m i n ≤ V i ≤ V i, m a x$
	节点电流	$I i ≤ I i, m a x$
	辐射结构	$g ∈ G$

表2

图6

图7

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恢复技术	故障
备自投、重合闸	简易的、确定的故障
FA技术	预设场景、确定的故障
保护控制协同	保护动作、驱动对应的恢复

自愈控制方法及其在地铁供电系统中的应用研究与展望

Research and prospects of self-healing control methods and their applications in metro power supply systems

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