Study on performance of a 150 ℃ high-temperature coupled heat pump for industrial waste heat recovery

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2026.06.006

Abstract

Abstract:

There is insufficient research on working fluid optimization， thermodynamic characteristics and economic performance analysis of existing coupled heat pumps providing 150 ℃ heat supply. Therefore， a 150 ℃ compression-absorption coupled high-temperature heat pump unit was proposed， to improve the utilization rate of low-temperature waste heat， lower the energy consumption in industrial high-temperature heat supply and decrease the operational costs of the unit. A system mathematical model was established based on steady-state thermodynamics， and pure working fluids on the high-pressure side and binary mixed working fluids on the low-pressure side were screened. The effects of evaporator-condenser temperature， heating temperature， waste heat outlet temperature， and compression ratio of the water vapor compressor on the thermodynamic performance of the unit were analyzed， and comparison of economic efficiency was conducted. The results showed that the optimal working fluid on the high-pressure side was trans-1-chloro-3，3，3-trifluoropropene， the optimal mixed working fluid on the low-pressure side was n-Pentane（R601）/cis-1，3，3，3-tetrafluoropropene， the optimal mole fraction of R601 was 0.69， and the coefficient of performance （COP） of the system was 5.16. When the evaporator-condenser temperature increased from 85 ℃ to 95 ℃， the COP decreased from 2.16 to 2.02， while the heating capacity increased from 739.29 kW to 761.26 kW. When the heating temperature increased from 140 ℃ to 160 ℃， the COP decreased from 2.22 to 1.97， while the heating capacity increased from 727.00 kW to 774.95 kW. When the waste heat outlet temperature increased from 40 ℃ to 50 ℃， the COP increased from 1.91 to 2.14， while the heating capacity decreased from 1 314.83 kW to 617.46 kW. When the compression ratio of the water vapor compressor increased from 1.20 to 1.70， the COP decreased from 2.14 to 2.06， the mass fraction of concentrated lithium bromide solution increased from 54.16% to 58.02%， and the circulation ratio decreased from 6.56 to 4.79. Under the same heating capacity， the hourly operating cost of the coupled heat pump system was reduced by 55.6% and 72.8% compared to gas boilers and electric boilers， respectively. The findings indicate that the coupled heat pump unit shows good thermodynamic performance and economic efficiency， and has promising application prospects in deep recovery of industrial medium- and low-temperature waste heat and substitution for high-temperature heat supply.

Key words: industrial waste heat utilization, high-temperature heat pump, compression-absorption coupled heat pump, mixed working fluid, economic analysis

SUN Jian, LIU Minhui, HU Yunrong, XUE Jianhao, HU Zhiwu, DU Xiaoze. Study on performance of a 150 ℃ high-temperature coupled heat pump for industrial waste heat recovery[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2026, 48(6): 68-81.

Figures/Tables 22

Fig.1

Table 1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Fig.14

Fig.15

Fig.16

Fig.17

Fig.18

Fig.19

Fig.20

Table 2

References 30

[1]	国家统计局. 中华人民共和国2024年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL].(2025-02-28)[2026-04-01]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/zwfwck/sjfb/202502/t20250228_1958817.html.
[2]	王如竹, 王丽伟, 蔡军, 等. 工业余热热泵及余热网络化利用的研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 制冷学报, 2017, 38(2): 1-10.
	WANG Ruzhu, WANG Liwei, CAI Jun, et al. Research status and trends on industrial heat pump and network utilization of waste heat[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2017, 38(2): 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2013.09.044
[3]	胡斌, 姜佳彤, 吴迪, 等. 工业高温热泵发展现状与展望[J]. 制冷学报, 2023, 44(6): 1-12.
	HU Bin, JIANG Jiatong, WU Di, et al. Development status and prospects of industrial high-temperature heat pumps[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2023, 44(6): 1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2014.05.004
[4]	安美燕, 赵心蕊, 徐震原, 等. 工业余热回收的耦合压缩-吸收式高温热泵循环[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2021, 55(4): 434-443. doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2020.023
	AN Meiyan, ZHAO Xinrui, XU Zhenyuan, et al. A hybrid compression-absorption high temperature heat pump cycles for industrial waste heat recovery[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2021, 55(4): 434-443.
[5]	孙健, 王寅武, 吴可欣, 等. 综合能源系统中热泵技术研究与应用[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2023, 45(4): 1-11. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.04.001
	SUN Jian, WANG Yinwu, WU Kexin, et al. Research and application of heat pump technology in integrated energy systems[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2023, 45(4): 1-11. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.04.001
[6]	胡芸蓉, 周礼庆, 姜海潮, 等. 新型宽温域热电双驱压缩-吸收型热泵循环特性分析[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2024, 46(12): 64-71. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.12.008
	HU Yunrong, ZHOU Liqing, JIANG Haichao, et al. Characteristic analysis of a new wide temperature range thermoelectric dual-drive compression-absorption heat pump cycle[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46(12): 64-71. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.12.008
[7]	马旭东, 杜彦君, 李冰淇, 等. 高温热泵耦合储能系统的热力学分析与性能提升[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2025, 47(12): 66-72. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.12.007
	MA Xudong, DU Yanjun, LI Bingqi, et al. Thermodynamic analysis and performance enhancement of high-temperature heat pump coupled energy storage system[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2025, 47(12): 66-72. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.12.007
[8]	赵力. 高温热泵在我国的应用及研究进展[J]. 制冷学报, 2005, 26(2): 8-13.
	ZHAO Li. Application and development of high temperature heat pumps in China[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2005, 26(2): 8-13.
[9]	李蔚, 杨存辉, 吴国林, 等. 热电联产机组耦合吸收式热泵运行特性的研究[J]. 动力工程学报, 2023, 43(7): 951-958. doi: 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2023.07.018
	LI Wei, YANG Cunhui, WU Guolin, et al. Research on operating characteristics of coupled absorption heat pump for cogeneration units[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2023, 43(7): 951-958. doi: 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2023.07.018
[10]	张学镭, 陈海平. 回收循环水余热的热泵供热系统热力性能分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(8): 1-8, 15.
	ZHANG Xuelei, CHEN Haiping. Thermodynamic analysis of heat pump heating supply systems with circulating water heat recovery[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(8): 1-8, 15.
[11]	董益秀, 王如竹. 高温热泵的循环、工质研究及应用展望[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(1): 133-144. doi: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220995
	DONG Yixiu, WANG Ruzhu. High temperature heat pump: Cycle configurations, working fluids and application potentials[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(1): 133-144.
[12]	JIANG J T, HU B, WANG R Z, et al. A review and perspective on industry high-temperature heat pumps[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2022, 161: 112106. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112106
[13]	王晓东, 赵力, 高攀. 一种新型中高温热泵非共沸工质的理论与实验分析[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2008, 29(7): 1095-1098.
	WANG Xiaodong, ZHAO Li, GAO Pan. Theoretical and experimental analysis of a new zeotropic mixture for moderate and high temperature heat pumps[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2008, 29(7): 1095-1098.
[14]	孙健, 马世财, 霍成, 等. 新型高温耦合热泵循环性能研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2024, 45(12): 3611-3617.
	SUN Jian, MA Shicai, HUO Cheng, et al. Study on the performance of a novel high temperature coupled heat pump cycle[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2024, 45(12): 3611-3617.
[15]	黄国华, 江亿, 李亚南, 等. 热水长输供蒸汽吸收-压缩耦合高温热泵性能研究[J/OL]. 制冷学报: 1-10(2025-12-02)[2026-04-01]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20251201.0910.002.
	HUANG Guohua, JIANG Yi, LI Yanan, et al. Performance of coupled high-temperature heat pump with steam supply through long-distance hot-water pipeline[J/OL]. Journal of Refrigeration: 1-10(2025-12-02)[2026-04-01]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20251201.0910.002.
[16]	孙健, 马世财, 霍成, 等. 基于水蒸气工质新型压缩-吸收式热泵循环性能分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(10): 15-20. doi: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2021-0317
	SUN Jian, MA Shicai, HUO Cheng, et al. Performance analysis of new compression absorption heat pump cycle based on steam working medium[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(10): 15-20. doi: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2021-0317
[17]	JOUHARA H, ŻABNIEŃSKA-GÓRA A, DELPECH B, et al. High-temperature heat pumps: Fundamentals, modelling approaches and applications[J]. Energy, 2024, 303: 131882. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.131882
[18]	ADAMSON K-M, WALMSLEY T G, CARSON J K, et al. High-temperature and transcritical heat pump cycles and advancements: A review[J]. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2022, 167: 112798.
[19]	WANG R Z, YAN H Z, WU D, et al. High temperature heat pumps for industrial heating processes using water as refrigerant[J]. Energy, 2024, 313: 133847.
[20]	李建辉, 韦俊, 赵贯甲. 工业余热回收的高温蒸汽热泵工质筛选及系统模拟[J]. 过程工程学报, 2025, 25(11): 1156-1167. doi: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.225058
	LI Jianhui, WEI Jun, ZHAO Guanjia. Work mass screening and system simulation of high temperature steam heat pump for industrial waste heat recovery[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2025, 25(11): 1156-1167. doi: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.225058
[21]	HAMID K, REN S, TOLSTOREBROV I, et al. Experimental optimization of an absorption-compression heat pump with wet compression for large temperature glide industrial applications[J]. Renewable Energy, 2025, 243: 122531. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122531
[22]	周新乐, 薛昊栋, 周永钢. 600MW湿冷机组利用热泵回收余热供热措施优化[J]. 内蒙古电力技术, 2022, 40(6): 89-93.
	ZHOU Xinle, XUE Haodong, ZHOU Yonggang. Application and optimization of heat pump for 600 MW wet cooling unit[J]. Inner Mongolia Electric Power, 2022, 40(6): 89-93.
[23]	林海, 岳建华. 吸收式热泵技术及其在火电厂的应用[J]. 内蒙古电力技术, 2012, 30(4): 84-87.
	LIN Hai, YUE Jianhua. Technology of absorption heat type pump and its application in thermal power plant[J]. Inner Mongolia Electric Power, 2012, 30(4): 84-87.
[24]	秦宇. 160℃吸收压缩耦合热泵工质及循环特性研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2024.
	QIN Yu. Research on working fluid and cycle characteristics of 160 ℃ absorption compression coupled heat pump[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2024.
[25]	马世财, 周少祥, 王寅武, 等. 基于吸收-压缩新型热泵循环变工况性能分析[J]. 华北电力大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 49(4): 105-112.
	MA Shicai, ZHOU Shaoxiang, WANG Yinwu, et al. Performance analysis of new type of heat pump under varying cycle conditions based on absorption-compression[J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 49(4): 105-112.
[26]	鲁敦放, 胡芃. 太阳能驱动第二类吸收式热泵海水淡化系统能量分析[J]. 中国科学技术大学学报, 2020, 50(5): 570-575.
	LU Dunfang, HU Peng. Energy and exergy analyses of seawater desalination system based on absorption heat transformer driven by solar energy[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology of China, 2020, 50(5): 570-575.
[27]	李雄亚, 滑雪, 郭晓林. R516A与R134a在水冷冷水机组的性能对比研究[J]. 制冷学报, 2024, 45(6): 83-90.
	LI Xiongya, HUA Xue, GUO Xiaolin. Comparative research on performances of R516A and R134a in water-cooled chillers[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2024, 45(6): 83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2014.06.002
[28]	孙健, 秦宇, 王寅武, 等. 基于热网驱动的综合能源新型空气源高温热水机组性能研究[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2022, 44(7): 33-39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.07.004
	SUN Jian, QIN Yu, WANG Yinwu, et al. Study on the performance of new air-source high-temperature hot water units driven by heat supply network in integrated energy systems[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2022, 44(7): 33-39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.07.004
[29]	洪文鹏, 何建军. 回收电厂余热的新型吸收式热泵系统[J]. 东北电力大学学报, 2019, 39(3): 67-73.
	HONG Wenpeng, HE Jianjun. Thenew absorption heat pump system to reclam waste heat in power plant[J]. Journal of Northeast Dianli University (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 39(3): 67-73.
[30]	谷永辉, 张继武, 郭卓群, 等. 除氧器排气余热回收系统节能效益分析[J]. 东北电力技术, 2021, 42(3):13-15.
	GU Yonghui, ZHANG Jiwu, GUO Zhuoqun, et al. Analysis of saving energy benefit deaerator exhaust waste heat recovery system[J]. Northeast Electric Power Technology, 2021, 42(3):13-15.

工质	COP	压比	单位容积制热量/（kJ∙m^-3）	排气温度/℃	排气压力/kPa
R1233zd(E)	3.62	2.84	2 554	98.81	833.45
R1336mzz(Z)	3.56	3.10	1 639	90.55	555.17
R1224yd(Z)	3.54	2.81	2 758	95.69	931.23
R1234ze(Z)	3.59	2.77	3 276	101.94	1 083.64
R601	3.65	2.95	1 452	91.93	470.60
R600	3.37	2.40	4 505	95.55	1 641.96

供热方案	每小时运行成本/元	单位热量成本/ （元∙GJ^-1）	耦合热泵相对节省比例/%
耦合热泵	129.14	47.83
燃气锅炉	290.59	107.63	55.6
电锅炉	474.45	175.74	72.8