Economic calculation and price cost analysis of the trigeneration system based on phosphoric acid fuel cells

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.10.003

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the economic issues of a high-temperature phosphoric acid fuel cell trigeneration system taking natural gas as fuel and taking an energy management contract as operation model， capacity optimization configuration and economic analysis were conducted for a tertiary hospital in southern China based on an instantaneous system simulation program （Trnsys）. The results showed that after fully tapping into the demands for cooling， heating， and electricity， the system achieved 6 000 h of power generation per year， with a self-consumption rate of about 5%， a net power generation efficiency of 40.9%， and an overall energy utilization rate of 75%. Currently， the price of imported equipment is around 12 000 yuan/kW， with a total system investment of about 69 million yuan. The project's investment payback period is 18.73 years， and substantial subsidies are required for successful demonstration and implementation. The system typically operates at a high load factor. In the event of a power outage， it can rapidly ramp up the load within the transition time provided by the uninterruptible power supply， serving as a crucial backup power source. This helps the hospital save about 2.5 million yuan in investment for diesel generator rooms. Considering the localization process of other types of fuel cells in China， if the cost of phosphoric acid fuel cell drops to 6 000 yuan/kW， the project's rate of return on investment will exceed 5%. Under the conditions of low-rate loans， such projects will become a cost-effective， clean， and efficient new form of distributed energy supply.

Key words: phosphoric acid fuel cell, cooling-heating-power trigeneration, economic analysis, price cost analysis, large tertiary hospital

CLC Number:

TK01：TM911.4

CHEN Yuan, GUO Xiaohan, WANG Tingjian, XU Peiyun, CHEN Peng, WANG Di, DENG Liangsheng. Economic calculation and price cost analysis of the trigeneration system based on phosphoric acid fuel cells[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2025, 47(10): 26-33.

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热负荷范围/MW	比例/%	热负荷范围/MW	比例/%
≥10	35.04	≥4	78.79
≥8	45.47	≥2	90.98
≥6	61.32

热负荷范围/kW		占供热期时间比例/%
热负荷范围/kW		住院楼A+B	住院楼B
	≥2 500	3.34
	≥2 000	16.09
	≥1 500	40.21	5.20
	≥1 000	60.33	28.96
	≥500		55.48

项目		数值
发电功率/kW	额定功率	440
发电功率/kW	最大功率	460
供热功率/kW	额定功率	454
供热功率/kW	最大功率	513
耗气量/（m³·h^-1）	额定功率下	98.4
耗气量/（m³·h^-1）	高功率模式	107.0
热水温度/℃	出口	120
热水温度/℃	回口	60

设备	型号规格	数量/台	单价/ 万元
燃料电池	8.80 m×3.35 m×3.05 m； 440 kW	6	528
溴化锂吸收式制冷机组	BDH100两级式单效热水机组，制冷量：531 kW	3	296
玻璃钢冷却塔	散热量:1 532 kW；额定功率:7.5 kW	3	3.6
箱式变压器	10 kV三相干式双绕组变压器SCB13-3150 kV·A; 10.5±2×2.5%/0.4 kV;短路阻抗(U_k)=6.0%;配低压配电装置	1	65

项目		设备购置费/ 万元	建安工程费/ 万元	其他费用/ 万元	合计/ 万元	占比/ %
设备及安装工程	发电设备	4 625.83	302.99		4 928.82	72.78
	开关站变配电设备	59.75	119.96		179.71	2.65
	控制保护设备	30.64	10.01		40.65	0.60
	其他设备	5.11	5.97		11.08	0.16
建安工程	发电设备基础工程		87.61		87.61	1.29
建安工程	其他建筑工程		3.00		3.00	0.04
其他费用（概算）				1 388.72	1 388.72	20.51
基本预备费				132.79	132.79	1.96