Thermodynamic analysis and performance enhancement of high-temperature heat pump coupled energy storage system

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.12.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Under the "dual carbon" goals， it is urgent to reduce CO₂ emissions from fossil fuel combustion in the industrial steam production process. High-temperature heat pumps， as highly promising low-carbon energy conversion systems， can not only efficiently produce high-temperature steam but also significantly reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. To address the challenge that single-stage high-temperature heat pumps cannot achieve large temperature lifts， an efficient energy solution integrating high-temperature heat pumps with energy storage systems was proposed. This coupled system could leverage the characteristics of the energy storage system to reduce the compressor pressure ratio， thereby enabling efficient steam production under extreme operating conditions. Additionally， an integrated regulation model for variable operating conditions including energy， exergy， economic， and environmental benefits was established. Through comparative analysis with conventional high-temperature heat pumps capable of large temperature lifts， the application potential of the high-temperature heat pump coupled with the energy storage system was evaluated. Furthermore， an optimal strategy model for the coupled system was established. The results showed that under operating conditions where single-stage high-temperature heat pumps failed to operate effectively， the high-temperature heat pump coupled with an energy storage system could still maintain stable industrial steam output， with its coefficient of performance and steam production improved by at least 134.3% and 461.5%， respectively. The energy storage system had an optimal operating strategy， and only through rational configuration under variable operating conditions could the coupled system achieve synchronous improvements in performance and economic efficiency.

Key words: "dual carbon" goals, large temperature lift, high-temperature heat pump, energy storage system, strategy optimization, energy quality enhancement technology, low-carbon energy conversion system

CLC Number:

TK02

MA Xudong, DU Yanjun, LI Bingqi, CUI Yin, ZHANG Cancan, WU Yuting. Thermodynamic analysis and performance enhancement of high-temperature heat pump coupled energy storage system[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2025, 47(12): 66-72.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 2

Key parameters and equations of this study

参数	数值与方程
压缩机等熵效率/%	$η a d i, r e f c = 0.874 - 0.013 5 p 2 p 1$
蒸发器夹点温差/℃	10.0
冷凝器夹点温差/℃	4.2
吸气过热度/℃	5.0
过冷度/℃	5.0
压缩机体积流量/（m³·h^-1）	167.88
压缩机转速/（r·min^-1）	2 880
$β$ /[kg·(kW·h）^-1]	0.997
$η e, t$ /%	95
L/%	5
$α$ /%	0
蒸汽价格/（美元·t^-1）	27.42
电价/[美元·(kW·h）^-1]	0.05
制冷剂	R245fa

Table 2

Table 3

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

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年份	热泵	储能系统	参考文献
2025	复合热泵	显热/潜热	[6]
2023	光电-太阳能辅助热泵	水/潜热	[7]
2023	吸收式热泵	显热/潜热	[8]
2023	空气源热泵	潜热	[9]
2023	电热泵	显热/潜热	[10]
2023	太阳能热泵/地源热泵	潜热	[11]
2022	间接式太阳能热泵	水/潜热	[12]
2022	空气源热泵	显热/潜热	[13]
2021	空气源热泵/地源热泵/余热热泵/ 太阳能辅助热泵	显热/潜热	[14]
2021	太阳能辅助热泵	显热/潜热	[15]
2019	直驱式太阳能热泵	潜热	[16]
2019	空气源热泵	潜热	[17]

编号	PCM	相变温度/℃	潜热/（kJ·kg^-1）	比热容（固相/液相）/ [kJ·(kg·K)^-1]	密度（固相/液相）/（kg·m^-3）	参考文献
PCM-1	Na₂SO₄·10H₂O	32.4	241.0	1.8/3.3	1 460/1 330	[22]
PCM-2	月桂酸	42.0	178.0	0.1/0.1	870/870	[23]
PCM-3	水合盐	48.0	210.0	2.4/2.4	1 600/1 666	[24]
PCM-4	石蜡+石墨	51.0	162.0	2.1/2.1	605/605	[25]
PCM-5	肉豆蔻酸	54.0	187.0	1.7/2.2	844/844	[23]
PCM-6	A58H+脂肪醇	58.0	284.5	2.4/1.8	816/790	[26]
PCM-7	棕榈酸	63.0	187.0	1.9/2.2	847/847	[23]