关键词: 电力系统, 需求响应, 储能配置, 双层优化, 新能源承载力

Abstract: To address the challenges of regional power grid's renewable energy hosting capacity under security, stability, and power supply reliability constraints, this paper proposes an optimal energy storage configuration method that considers demand response to enhance the renewable energy hosting capacity. Firstly, typical scenarios of wind and photovoltaic output are generated using Copula theory and the K-means clustering algorithm, and a price-based incentive demand response model is constructed to optimize the load curve through price signals. Secondly, a bi-level optimization model for energy storage is established, considering both economic and stability objectives, with the loss of load probability as a constraint to evaluate the grid's maximum renewable energy hosting capacity. The optimal installed capacity of energy storage is configured to improve this hosting capacity. Finally, power flow calculations are performed using the PSASP node model to analyze the impact of energy storage integration on regional grid voltage fluctuations, thereby conducting a security check for the regional grid. Simulation results demonstrate that, under the condition of ensuring power supply reliability, the renewable energy hosting capacity increases after implementing demand response.

Key words: Power System, Demand Response, Energy Storage Configuration, Bi-level Optimization, Renewable Energy Penetration Rate