压缩空气储能技术及其耦合发电机组研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.07.002

华电技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7): 9-16.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.07.002

压缩空气储能技术及其耦合发电机组研究进展

魏书洲¹^,²(), 李兵发³(), 孙晨阳³(), 周兴³(), 王亚龙³(), 邹一帆³(), 邓靖敏³(), 王金星⁴^,^*()

1.三河发电有限责任公司,河北廊坊 065201
2.河北省燃煤电站污染防治技术创新中心,河北廊坊 065201
3.河北师范大学中燃工学院,石家庄 050024
4.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206

收稿日期:2021-05-11 修回日期:2021-06-22 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-07-27
通讯作者: 王金星
作者简介:魏书洲（1981—）,男,湖北十堰人,高级工程师,博士,从事燃煤机组烟气余热利用方案设计及储能参数优化研究（E-mail： shuzhou.wei@chnenergy.com.cn）。
李兵发（2000 —）,男,河北邯郸人,从事多级压缩空气储能运行优化研究（E-mail： 786088185@qq.com）。
孙晨阳（2000 —）,女,河南南阳人,从事压缩空气储能运行特性研究（E-mail： 1102567189@qq.com）。
周兴（1987 —）,男,河北石家庄人,讲师,工学博士,从事煤、生物质制氢研究（E-mail： zhoux@hebtu.edu.cn）。
王亚龙（2000 —）,男,河南许昌人,从事耦合储能装置的功率分布设计研究（E-mail： 269496271@qq.com）。
邹一帆（2000 —）,男,江苏常州人,从事压缩空气储能优化设计研究（E-mail： 821418824@qq.com）。
邓靖敏（2000 —）,女,广东佛山人,从事压缩空气储能运行优化研究（E-mail： 834692507@qq.com）。
基金资助:
河北省自然科学基金项目(E2020502007);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2021090)

Research progress of compressed air energy storage and its coupling power generation

WEI Shuzhou¹^,²(), LI Bingfa³(), SUN Chenyang³(), ZHOU Xing³(), WANG Yalong³(), ZOU Yifan³(), DENG Jingmin³(), WANG Jinxing⁴^,^*()

1. Sanhe Power Generation Company Limited,CHN Energy,Langfang 065201,China
2. Hebei Innovation Center for Coal-fired power station Pollution Control,Langfang 065201,China
3. College of Zhongran,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China
4. School of Energy,Power and Mechanical Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China

Received:2021-05-11 Revised:2021-06-22 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-07-27
Contact: WANG Jinxing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

压缩空气储能技术是利用压气机-燃气轮机装置,实现空气势能与热能之间转化的储能技术。由于压缩空气储能技术具有跨时空调节“源-荷”匹配性的优势,在高比例间歇性可再生能源发电并网的背景下更为重要。从储能系统有无热源、绝热、储热3个方面进行了评述;压缩空气储能工作形式主要包括无热源的非绝热空气压缩储能、带热源的非绝热压缩空气储能、带储热的空气绝热压缩储能系统。从多能源耦合的角度,分别介绍了压缩空气储能与燃气轮机、内燃机和可再生能源系统的耦合形式。最后从多种压缩空气储能形式与耦合火电机组应用现状方面进行了分析,并对比了传统压缩空气储能、绝热压缩空气储能、等温压缩空气储能、蓄热式压缩空气储能等技术的储能规模、优缺点等,为压缩空气储能的应用提供了借鉴。

关键词: 压缩空气储能, 可再生能源, 发电机组, 耦合形式, 燃气轮机, CO₂减排, 空气压缩机, “双碳”目标

Abstract:

Compressed air energy storage（CAES） is an energy storage technology that uses compressors and gas turbines to realize the conversion between air potential energy and heat energy.Since CAES can regulate and distribute the"source"and "load"across time and space,the technology has become increasingly important as high-proportion intermittent renewable energy is connected to the power grid.Energy storage systems are classified from three aspects：configuration of heat sources,adiabaticity and configuration of heat storage devices.Among them,CAES has three main application modes, diabatic CAES without heat source,diabatic CAES with heat source and adiabatic CAES with heat storage system.Analyzed from multi-energy coupling modes,CAES systems’coupling with gas turbines,internal combustion engines and renewable energy systems are introduced,respectively. Furthermore,various integration forms of CAES technology and its coupling with coal-fired power plants are analyzed,which are compared with traditional CAES,adiabatic CAES,isothermal CAES and heat storage CAES technology from the energy storage scale,advantages and disadvantages.The study is expected to provide reference for the application of CAES technology.

Key words: compressed air energy storage, renewable energy, generator, coupling mode, gas turbine, CO₂ emission reduction, air compressor, carbon peak and carbon neutrality

中图分类号:

X783：TK02

魏书洲, 李兵发, 孙晨阳, 周兴, 王亚龙, 邹一帆, 邓靖敏, 王金星. 压缩空气储能技术及其耦合发电机组研究进展[J]. 华电技术, 2021, 43(7): 9-16.

WEI Shuzhou, LI Bingfa, SUN Chenyang, ZHOU Xing, WANG Yalong, ZOU Yifan, DENG Jingmin, WANG Jinxing. Research progress of compressed air energy storage and its coupling power generation[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(7): 9-16.

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类型	规模/MW	效率/%	优点	限制
传统压缩空气储能	110.0	54	对环境影响小,投资少	需要高压,容量大的储能装置
绝热压缩空气储能	0.5~300.0	>50	系统简单、成本低、无二次排放、冷热电三联供	—
蓄热式压缩空气储能	2.0	>50	提高可再生能源利用率和压缩空气储能效率	—
液态空气储能	5.0	>50	能密度大	大型蓄热回冷难度大、系统热损失严重、成本高、实际储能效率低
超临界压缩空气储能	10.0	60	能密度大	大型蓄热回冷难度大、系统热损失严重、成本高、实际储能效率低

压缩空气储能技术及其耦合发电机组研究进展

Research progress of compressed air energy storage and its coupling power generation

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类型	无热源	有热源	储热
非绝热	√	√	—
绝热	—	—	√