基于耦合电感的交错高降压比DC/DC制氢变换器

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将光伏发电应用到电解水制氢中,可以低成本、无污染的制出高纯度的高效清洁能源氢能,缓解环境压力并助力碳中和目标的实现。直流/直流（DC/DC）变换器可灵活匹配光伏阵列与电解槽的I-V曲线,提高光伏制氢系统效率。为了解决传统降压电路降压比小、功率器件电压应力大的问题,提出了一种基于耦合电感的新型交错Buck电路。该变换器通过选择合适的耦合电感匝比,可以在延长工作占空比的同时实现较低的转换比,采用交错技术和元件重排技术来减小功率器件上电压应力,从而在实现高降压比的同时,大大提高变换器的效率。在实际应用场景中也可以提高制氢系统的效率,推动清洁能源的发展。进行了变换器的工作原理、性能的分析和对比,最后通过电路仿真和试验验证了上述的分析。

关键词: 光伏制氢系统, 高降压比DC/DC变换器, 耦合电感, 交错技术, 低电压应力, 电解水制氢, 碳中和

Abstract:

Water electrolysis hydrogen production powered by photovoltaic energy is a low-cost and clean hydrogen production way that can generate high-purity hydrogen and alleviate the environmental pressure. DC/DC converters can flexibly match the I-V curves of photovoltaic arrays and electrolytic cells, so as to improve the efficiency of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system. A new interleaved Buck circuit of coupled inductor is proposed to solve the low step-down ratio of traditional step-down converters and excessive voltage stress of power devices.Selecting appropriate turn ratio for the coupling inductor can prolong the duty cycle of the circuit and lower the conversion ratio. The interleaving technology and component rearrangement can alleviate the voltage stress of power devices,so as to achieve a high step-down ratio and improve the efficiency of the converter simultaneously. In practical cases,the proposed method can improve the efficiency of hydrogen production systems and facilitate the development of clean energy. Based on the circuit simulation and experiments, the operating principle and performance analysis on the converter are verified.

Key words: photovoltaic hydrogen production system, high step-down DC/DC converter, coupling inductor, interleaving technology, low voltage stress, hydrogen production from water electrolysis, carbon neutrality

中图分类号:

TK01：TM46

周黎英, 王玉荣, 王庆燕. 基于耦合电感的交错高降压比DC/DC制氢变换器[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2022, 44(6): 70-77.

ZHOU Liying, WANG Yurong, WANG Qingyan. Interleaved high step-down DC/DC converter for hydrogen production based on coupling inductor[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2022, 44(6): 70-77.

图/表 13

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

变换器的性能比较

项目	文献[9]	文献[11]	文献[12]	文献[16]	本文
增益	$D 2 - D$	$D (1 - D) n + D (1 - D)$	$D 2 - D$	$D 2$	$D 2 - D + 2 n (1 - D)$
最大开关管电压应力	$V i n 2 - D$	$V i n - V o$	$V i n 2 - D$	$V i n$	$D n + (n + 2) (1 + n D - n) (n + 1) (2 - D + 2 n - 2 n D) V i n$
最大二极管电压应力	$1 + n (1 - D) 2 - D V i n$	$(1 - D) V i n n + D (1 - D)$	$V i n 2 - D$	$V i n + V r i n g$	$1 + n (1 - D) 2 - D + 2 n (1 - D) V i n$
效率/%	94.9	92.9	96.0	94.0	96.5

表1

图5

图6

表2

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 18

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参数	数值
输入电压V_in/V	400
输出电压V_o/V	24
输出功率P_o/W	120
开关频率f_s/kHz	50
输出电容C_o/μF	47
钳位电容C₁,C₂,C₃,C₄/μF	10
电感L₁,L₂/μH	400
匝比	2