商住园区综合能源供暖（冷）系统的方案设计及运行经济性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.12.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

“双碳”目标下，通过可再生能源和综合能源系统实现清洁供暖（冷）是拓展现有供热能力、解决供暖（冷）民生需求、实现建筑节能减排的重要途径。以我国北方某商住园区综合能源供暖（冷）项目为研究对象，依次开展项目负荷分析、区域资源分析和冷热源优化分析，提出2种“集中热网+可再生能源”综合能源供暖（冷）方案。通过装机方案和运行经济性对比分析，结果表明：相比于方案2，方案1减少了空气源热泵，增加了蓄能系统并以电锅炉作为极寒期的调峰热源，供暖季运行电费和购热费合计减少18.6%，制冷机组装机减少30.8%，供冷季运行电费减少35.4%，年运行成本降低20.8%。研究成果将为同类型综合能源项目的方案设计和运行策略优化提供借鉴。

关键词: “双碳”目标, 地热能, 土壤源热泵, 蓄热, 蓄冷, 运行优化, 可再生能源, 综合能源系统, 清洁供暖（冷）

Abstract:

In the context of dual carbon， combining renewable energy with integrated energy systems is an important way to expand the current heating capacity and provide clean heating（cooling），so as to meet people's livelihood needs， and achieve building energy conservation and emission reduction simultaneously. Taking the comprehensive energy heating（cooling）project of a commercial and residential park in north China as the research object，this paper carries out project load analysis，regional resource analysis，and cold and heat source optimization analysis，and puts forward two comprehensive energy heating（cooling）schemes with "central heat network + renewable energy" concept. Scheme 1 removes air source heat pumps，adds an energy storage system and uses an electric boiler as heat source in extremely cold periods. The results of the comparative analysis on two installation schemes and operational economy show that the total expense including electricity bill and heat purchase cost in heating season of scheme 1 is 18.6% lower than that of scheme 2. And the installation capacity of refrigeration unit， electricity bill for cooling， and annually operational cost of scheme 1 are 30.8%， 35.4% and 20.8% lower than that of scheme 2， respectively. This analysis provides reference for the design and operation strategy optimization of integrated energy projects of the same type.

Key words: "dual carbon" goal, geothermal energy, soil source heat pump, heat storage, cold storage, operation optimization, renewable energy, integrated energy system, clean heating（cooling）

中图分类号:

TK01

刘媛媛, 刘芳芳, 贾天翔, 韩昭, 商永强, 姜曙. 商住园区综合能源供暖（冷）系统的方案设计及运行经济性研究[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2023, 45(12): 20-28.

LIU Yuanyuan, LIU Fangfang, JIA Tianxiang, HAN Zhao, SHANG Yongqiang, JIANG Shu. Design of the integrated energy heating（cooling） system for a commercial and residential park and its economy analysis[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2023, 45(12): 20-28.

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计算参数		值
年平均温度/℃		13.4
室外计算温度、湿度	冬季供暖室外计算温度/℃	-6.2
	冬季空气调节室外计算温度/℃	-8.8
	冬季空气调节室外计算相对湿度/%	55
	夏季空气调节室外计算干球温度/℃	35.1
	夏季空气调节室外计算湿球温度/℃	26.8
	夏季空气调节室外计算日平均温度/℃	30.0
	夏季通风室外计算温度/℃	30.8
	夏季通风室外计算相对湿度/%	60
室外风速	夏季室外风速平均/(m·s^-1）	1.7
室外风速	冬季室外风速平均/(m·s^-1）	1.8
大气压力	夏季大气压力/hPa	995.8
大气压力	冬季大气压力/hPa	1 017.2
计算参数	平均气温≤5 ℃期间的平均温度/℃	0.1

试验孔编号	初始平均温度/℃	岩土体导热系数/[W·(m·K)^-1]	热负荷换热量/(W·m^-1)	冷负荷换热量/(W·m^-1)
^#1	16.19	2.26	48.42	51.17
^#2	17.06	3.22	43.67	45.92

地埋管数/根	土壤源热泵装机/kW	设计冷负荷/kW	冷水机组装机/kW	设备投资额/万元	夏季耗电量/(MW⋅h)
100	504	5 645	5 141	967	1 507.5
200	1 008	5 645	4 637	1 087	1 440.4
300	1 512	5 645	4 133	1 207	1 373.2
400	2 016	5 645	3 629	1 327	1 306.1
500	2 520	5 645	3 125	1 447	1 238.9
600	3 024	5 645	2 621	1 567	1 172.0

季节	地埋管数/根	单根双U型地埋管换热长度/m	地埋管换热量/kW	土壤源热泵供能量/kW
夏季	400	120	2 352	1 908
冬季	400	120	2 208	2 857

热源方式	耗能方式	电价时段	电价/[元⋅（kW⋅h）^-1]	供热成本/(元⋅GJ^-1）
土壤源热泵（C_OP取4.4）	耗电^①	低谷时段	0.368	22.70
		平段时段	0.674	41.60
		高峰时段	0.980	60.49
		尖峰时段	1.128	69.63
空气源热泵（C_OP取3.0)	耗电^①	低谷时段	0.368	34.10
		平段时段	0.674	62.40
		高峰时段	0.980	90.74
		尖峰时段	1.128	104.44
集中热网	耗电^②+购热（购热价39.72元/GJ）	低谷时段	0.368	42.56
		平段时段	0.674	44.92
		高峰时段	0.984	47.31
电锅炉	耗电^①（热效率98%）	低谷时段	0.368	107.50