粉煤灰有效成分提取与电石渣掺杂制备碳吸附剂及性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2026.03.008

综合智慧能源 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 76-84.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2026.03.008

粉煤灰有效成分提取与电石渣掺杂制备碳吸附剂及性能研究

武洁¹^,²(), 张超³(), 梁晓龙¹()

¹ 内蒙古电力（集团）有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司，呼和浩特 010020
² 内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院，呼和浩特 010050
³ 内蒙古送变电有限责任公司，呼和浩特 010020

收稿日期:2025-03-31 修回日期:2025-06-25 出版日期:2026-03-25
作者简介:武洁（1986），女，高级工程师，博士，从事能源与环境保护方面的研究，wujiegongda@126.com；
张超（1985），男，助理工程师，本科，从事电力施工管理方面的工作，505172977@qq.com；
梁晓龙（1990），男，助理工程师，本科，从事能源与环境保护方面的研究，654178087@qq.com。
基金资助:
内蒙古电力（集团）有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司自筹科技项目(2023-ZC-05)

Extraction of active components from fly ash and preparation of a carbon adsorbent doped with carbide slag： Performance evaluation

WU Jie¹^,²(), ZHANG Chao³(), LIANG Xiaolong¹()

¹ Inner Mongolia Electric Power Research Institute Company Limited， Inner Mongolia Power （Group） Company Limited， Huhhot 010020， China
² College of Energy and Power， Inner Mongolia University of Technology， Hohhot 010050， China
³ Inner Mongolia Power Transmission and Transformation Company Limited， Huhhot 010020， China

Received:2025-03-31 Revised:2025-06-25 Published:2026-03-25
Supported by:
Self-Funded Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Electric Power Research Institute Company Limited， Inner Mongolia Electric Power （Group） Company Limited(2023-ZC-05)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工业电石渣具有成本低廉、CO₂吸附性能好等优势，但高温下多次循环易烧结，导致其对CO₂吸附量减小。改善电石渣的活性和比表面积，提高其对CO₂的吸脱附性能成为亟待解决的难题。采用粉煤灰、Na₂CO₃和CaCO₃混合煅烧的方式提取粉煤灰中的非晶态铝氢氧化物，并将其掺入电石渣中制备含铝钙基复合吸附剂，针对改性吸附剂配置4种不同掺杂比的样品，在不同吸附温度下开展吸附性能及循环稳定性试验。结果表明，快速反应阶段，CA91（电石渣/偏氢氧化铝质量比为9∶1）与CA73（电石渣/偏氢氧化铝质量比为7∶3）吸附反应速率最快；吸附反应完全后，4种掺杂比的吸附容量大小为CA73 > CA91 > CA82（电石渣/偏氢氧化铝质量比为8∶2）> CA64（电石渣/偏氢氧化铝质量比为6∶4）。循环性能方面，纯电石渣循环13次后，稳定性明显下降，吸附容量下降了15%（质量百分比）；CA73经过20 次循环后，吸附容量仅下降5%，为最优吸附剂。针对CA73开展恒变温吸脱附试验，确定最佳吸附温度为750 ℃。该研究既实现了电石渣与粉煤灰的就地消纳和资源化利用，也可为CO₂减排提供成本低廉的吸附剂。

关键词: 粉煤灰, 电石渣, 吸附, 稳定性, 循环性能, 掺杂比

Abstract:

Industrial calcium carbide slag has advantages such as low cost and good CO₂ adsorption performance. However， it tends to sinter after multiple cycles at high temperatures， directly resulting in low CO₂ adsorption capacity. Enhancing the activity and specific surface area of calcium carbide slag to improve its CO₂ adsorption-desorption performance has become an urgent challenge. Amorphous aluminum hydroxide was extracted from fly ash by mixed calcination of fly ash， Na₂CO₃， and CaCO₃， and then incorporated into carbide slag to prepare aluminum-calcium-based composite adsorbents. Four samples with different doping ratios of the modified adsorbents were prepared and tested for adsorption performance and cyclic stability under various adsorption temperatures. The results showed that during the rapid reaction phase， the CA91（$ m_{\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}}: m_{\mathrm{AlO}(\mathrm{OH})}$=9∶1） and CA73（$ m_{\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}}: m_{\mathrm{AlO}(\mathrm{OH})}$=7∶3） samples exhibited the fastest adsorption reaction rates. After the adsorption reaction was completed， the adsorption capacities of four doping ratios followed the order： CA73 > CA91 > CA82（$ m_{\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}}: m_{\mathrm{AlO}(\mathrm{OH})}$=8∶2） > CA64（$ m_{\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}}: m_{\mathrm{AlO}(\mathrm{OH})}$=6∶4）. In terms of cyclic performance， pure carbide slag showed a significant decrease in stability after 13 cycles， with its adsorption capacity reduced by 15%. In contrast， CA73 exhibited only a 5% decrease in adsorption capacity after 20 cycles， making it the optimal adsorbent. Further adsorption-desorption experiments on CA73 at constant and varying temperatures identified the optimal adsorption temperature as 750 ℃. The local disposal and resource utilization of carbide slag and fly ash are achieved，and a cost-effective adsorbent for CO₂ emission reduction is also provided.

Key words: fly ash, carbide slag, adsorption, stability, cyclic performance, doping ratio

中图分类号:

TK 01

武洁, 张超, 梁晓龙. 粉煤灰有效成分提取与电石渣掺杂制备碳吸附剂及性能研究[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2026, 48(3): 76-84.

WU Jie, ZHANG Chao, LIANG Xiaolong. Extraction of active components from fly ash and preparation of a carbon adsorbent doped with carbide slag： Performance evaluation[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2026, 48(3): 76-84.

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名称	主要成分	电石渣与偏氢氧化铝质量比	试验条件
CA91	Ca(OH)₂，AlO(OH)	9∶1	烘干后的电石渣和提铝后的粉煤灰按照质量比9∶1机械混合，在马弗炉中以25 ℃/min的升温速率升至800 ℃，煅烧2 h；在CO₂气氛下以20 ℃/min的升温速率由室温升至1 000 ℃
CA82	Ca(OH)₂，AlO(OH)	8∶2	烘干后的电石渣和提铝后的粉煤灰按照质量比8∶2机械混合，在马弗炉中以25 ℃/min的升温速率升至800 ℃，煅烧2 h；在CO₂气氛下以20 ℃/min的升温速率由室温升至1 000 ℃
CA73	Ca(OH)₂，AlO(OH)	7∶3	烘干后的电石渣和提铝后的粉煤灰按照质量比7∶3机械混合，在马弗炉中以25 ℃/min的升温速率升至800 ℃，煅烧2 h；在CO₂气氛下以20 ℃/min的升温速率由室温升至1 000 ℃
CA64	Ca(OH)₂，AlO(OH)	6∶4	烘干后的电石渣和提铝后的粉煤灰按照质量比6∶4机械混合，在马弗炉中以25 ℃/min的升温速率升至800 ℃，煅烧2 h；在CO₂气氛下以20 ℃/min的升温速率由室温升至1 000 ℃

吸附剂	比表面积/（m²·g^-1）	孔容/（cm³·g^-1）	平均孔直径/nm
CA91	6.50	28.17×10^-3	17.321 7
CA91-20	2.88	14.51×10^-3	20.345 9
CA82	6.60	29.74×10^-3	18.002 8
CA82-20	3.10	11.03×10^-3	14.455 3
CA73	9.45	43.93×10^-3	18.586 2
CA73-20	3.87	13.11×10^-3	13.706 0
CA64	6.15	17.69×10^-3	11.501 4
CA64-20	2.12	4.71×10^-3	8.316 3

粉煤灰有效成分提取与电石渣掺杂制备碳吸附剂及性能研究

Extraction of active components from fly ash and preparation of a carbon adsorbent doped with carbide slag： Performance evaluation

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