计及电制氢设备特性的主动配电网分层配置与优化

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2026.05.005

综合智慧能源 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 44-55.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2026.05.005

计及电制氢设备特性的主动配电网分层配置与优化

金熙林¹(), 张超¹, 郝俊红¹^,^*(), 徐超¹, 朱国金², 贾浩帅³

¹ 华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院，北京 102206
² 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司，北京 100024
³ 水电水利规划设计总院，北京 100120

收稿日期:2025-06-24 修回日期:2025-11-06 出版日期:2026-05-25
通讯作者: *郝俊红（1988），男，副教授，博士生导师，博士，从事电热氢综合能源系统方面的研究，hjh@ncepu.edu.cn。
作者简介:金熙林（1999），男，硕士生，从事主动配电网优化配置方面的研究，sddqwdj2017@163.com。
基金资助:
中央企业绿色氢能制储运创新联合体联合攻关重点任务7，中国电力建设集团有限公司科技项目(DJ-HXGG-2024-05)

Hierarchical configuration and optimization of active distribution networks considering characteristics of power-to-hydrogen devices

JIN Xilin¹(), ZHANG Chao¹, HAO Junhong¹^,^*(), XU Chao¹, ZHU Guojin², JIA Haoshuai³

¹ School of Energy， Power and Mechanical Engineering， North China Electric Power University， Beijing 102206， China
² Beijing Engineering Corporation Limited， Power China， Beijing 100024， China
³ China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute， Beijing 100120， China

Received:2025-06-24 Revised:2025-11-06 Published:2026-05-25
Supported by:
Key Task 7 of Green Hydrogen Energy Production， Storage， and Transportation Innovation Consortium for Central State-Owned Enterprises；Science and Technology Project of Power Construction Corporation of China(DJ-HXGG-2024-05)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在新型电力系统建设背景下，分布式电源、储能系统、电制氢设备及无功补偿装置的合理优化配置，是提升配电网经济性、灵活性和可靠性的关键路径。针对配电网侧电-储-氢互动系统，通过建立风电/光伏等分布式电源、储能及电制氢设备的等效节点潮流模型，提出了计及多类设备特性的配电网分层配置优化模型。上层以年投资建设及运维成本为目标来决定分布式电源、储能等设备的选址定容方案，下层以配电网的电压平稳度为目标决定分布式电源、储能、电制氢装置及静止无功补偿装置在典型日的运行策略。最后，以IEEE-33节点为例，采用改进的多目标粒子群优化算法进行优化分析，仿真结果表明储能系统的增加及电制氢等设备的接入使系统年经济成本降低了21.17%，弃风弃光成本降低了79.67%，系统电压平稳度得到有效提升。

关键词: 主动配电网, 储能, 电制氢设备, 分层配置, 弃风弃光

Abstract:

Under the background of constructing new-type power systems， the rational configuration of distributed energy resources， energy storage systems， power-to-hydrogen（P2H） devices， and reactive power compensation equipment is a critical pathway to enhancing the economy， flexibility， and reliability of distribution networks. Aiming at the electricity-storage-hydrogen interaction system on the distribution network side， an optimization model with hierarchical configuration for distribution networks considering the characteristics of multiple types of equipment was proposed by establishing equivalent node power flow models for distributed energy resources such as wind and solar power， energy storage， and P2H devices. The upper-level model determined the site selection and capacity planning schemes for equipment such as distributed energy resources and energy storage with the objective of minimizing annual investment， construction，operation and maintenance costs. The lower level determined the operation strategies for distributed energy resources， energy storage， P2H devices， and static var compensators on typical days with the objective of optimizing voltage stability in the distribution network. Taking the IEEE 33-node system as an example， optimization analysis was conducted using an improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results showed that the addition of energy storage systems and the integration of equipment such as P2H devices reduced the system's annual economic costs by 21.17%， lowered the wind and solar power curtailment costs by 79.67%， and effectively enhanced the system voltage stability.

Key words: active distribution network, energy storage, power-to-hydrogen equipment, hierarchical configurationl, wind and solar power curtailment

中图分类号:

TK09：TM73

金熙林, 张超, 郝俊红, 徐超, 朱国金, 贾浩帅. 计及电制氢设备特性的主动配电网分层配置与优化[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2026, 48(5): 44-55.

JIN Xilin, ZHANG Chao, HAO Junhong, XU Chao, ZHU Guojin, JIA Haoshuai. Hierarchical configuration and optimization of active distribution networks considering characteristics of power-to-hydrogen devices[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2026, 48(5): 44-55.

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时段	电价
09:00 —14:00，18:00 —21:00	0.975
07:00 —09:00，14:00 —18:00，21:00 —23:00	0.510
00:00 —07:00，23:00 —24:00	0.195

设备	投资成本	弃风弃光成本/[元·(kW·h)^-1]	使用寿命/a	贴现率	运维更换率
风电	4 500 元/kW	0.6	10	0.060
光伏	3 000 元/kW	0.5	10	0.060
储能	3 600 元/（kW·h）		15	0.065	0.05
P2H	2 400 元/kW		10	0.060
SVC	975 元/（kV·A）		6

参数	数值
最大迭代次数	500
上层种群规模	200
下层种群规模	200
惯性权重	0.4~0.9
个体学习因子	2.05
社会学习因子	2.05
渗透率	0.7
交叉变异的阈值	0.1
交叉率	0.1
变异率	0.05
外部储存库规模	150
膨胀率	0.1
每一维分格数	5
最佳选择压	2
最佳删除压	2
P2H效率/%	60
售氢价格/(元·kg^-1)	42

项目	场景1	场景2	场景3
风电/kW	656.63(19)	656.11(19)	659.49(18)
光伏/kW	1 943.87(26)	1 944.39(26)	1 941.01(6)
储能/(kW·h)	250.00(30)	360.08(28)，357.62(14)	342.25(19)，449.19(12)
P2H/kW			498.48(13)
SVC/(kV·A)			25.00(20)

场景	上层目标函数值/万元	下层目标函数值	弃风弃光惩罚/ 万元
1	1 387.26	68.73	147.98
2	1 208.64	63.43	65.66
3	1 093.59	60.94	30.08

计及电制氢设备特性的主动配电网分层配置与优化

Hierarchical configuration and optimization of active distribution networks considering characteristics of power-to-hydrogen devices

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