综合智慧能源 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 34-45.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2026.06.003

• 储热材料与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

工质物性驱动的SWHE性能与几何参数关联研究

王子瑄1,2(), 鹿院卫1,2,*(), 杨涵1,2(), 吴玉庭1,2()   

  1. 1 北京工业大学传热与能源利用北京市重点实验室北京 100124
    2 国家能源用户侧储能创新研发中心北京 100124
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-29 修回日期:2026-02-02 出版日期:2026-06-25
  • 通讯作者: *鹿院卫(1971),女,教授,博士,从事可再生能源利用方面的研究,luyuanwei@bjut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王子瑄(2001),男,硕士生,从事混合熔盐热物性计算、螺旋缠绕管换热器多目标优化设计等方面的研究,zixuanwang@emails.bjut.edu.cn
    杨涵(1991),女,讲师,博士,从事可再生能源利用方面的研究,yanghan@bjut.edu.cn
    吴玉庭(1970),男,教授,研究员,博士,从事可再生能源利用方面的研究,wuyuting@bjut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB4202402)

Research on correlation between SWHE performance and geometric parameters driven by working fluid physical properties

WANG Zixuan1,2(), LU Yuanwei1,2,*(), YANG Han1,2(), WU Yuting1,2()   

  1. 1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy ConversionBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124, China
    2 National User-Side Energy Storage Innovation Research and Development CenterBeijing 100124, China
  • Received:2025-12-29 Revised:2026-02-02 Published:2026-06-25
  • Supported by:
    National Key R & D Program of China(2022YFB4202402)

摘要:

螺旋缠绕管换热器(SWHE)在燃煤机组深度调峰系统的蒸汽-熔盐换热过程中具有重要应用前景。现有研究多集中于SWHE的几何结构优化,工质热物性变化对SWHE的性能调控作用存在研究空白。通过集成SWHE设计计算模型与非支配排序遗传算法,构建了以冷/热侧综合性能评价指标、平均传热系数、壳外径和总熵产数为目标的多目标优化框架,针对5种混合熔盐(太阳盐、Hitec盐、Hitec XL盐、四元硝酸盐、三元硝酸盐)开展优化设计研究。结果表明,工质的热物性会显著影响SWHE的几何参数与其性能的关联性:高黏度熔盐(如Hitec XL)作为工质的SWHE,其缠绕角度与总传热系数呈强正相关,且增大管外径可使总传热系数增大,这与其他熔盐作为工质的SWHE有显著不同;高热导率熔盐(如四元硝酸盐)作为工质的SWHE,其缠绕角度与熵产数的相关性呈现出与其他熔盐作为工质时相反的特性。最后,通过单位体积换热强度与熵产数的综合决策,从多目标优化获得的帕累托解集中筛选出4种推荐方案:方案1虽然具有最优紧凑性(换热面积984.96 m2,建设成本583.8万元),但运行成本较高(115.31万元/a);方案4虽然换热面积较大(3 904.88 m2)、建设成本较高(1 216.1万元),但凭借低熵产特性使运行成本较方案1降低了51.5%(55.93万元/a)。研究结果揭示了混合熔盐的热物性对SWHE性能与几何参数的关联性,为熔盐配方选择与SWHE工程设计提供了理论依据与实践方案。

关键词: 燃煤机组调峰, 熔盐热物性, 螺旋缠绕管换热器, 换热器设计, 多目标优化, 相关性分析

Abstract:

Spiral-wound tube heat exchangers (SWHE) hold significant application potential in the steam-molten salt heat exchange process within deep peak shaving systems for coal-fired power units. Existing research has primarily focused on optimizing SWHE geometric structures, leaving a research gap regarding the regulatory effects of working fluid thermophysical properties on SWHE performance. A multi-objective optimization framework was established by integrating a SWHE design calculation model with a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm. The framework targeted comprehensive performance evaluation criteria for both hot and cold sides, average heat transfer coefficient, shell outer diameter, and total entropy generation number. Optimization design research was conducted for five mixed molten salts: solar salt, Hitec, Hitec XL, quaternary nitrate, and ternary nitrate. The results indicated that working fluid thermophysical properties significantly influenced the correlation between SWHE geometric parameters and performance. For instance, when high-viscosity molten salts (such as Hitec XL) served as working fluids, the winding angle of the SWHE exhibited a strong positive correlation with the overall heat transfer coefficient. Furthermore, increasing the tube diameter could enhance the heat transfer coefficient. This behavior differs significantly from SWHEs employing other molten salts as working fluids. Meanwhile, the correlation between the spiral angle of SWHEs using high-thermal-conductivity molten salts (such as quaternary nitrate) as working fluids and the entropy generation number showed characteristics opposite to those observed with other molten salts as working fluids. Finally, through comprehensive decision-making based on heat transfer intensity per unit volume and entropy generation number, four recommended solutions were selected from the Pareto solution set obtained by multi-objective optimization. Solution 1 exhibited optimal compactness (heat transfer area: 984.96 m2, construction cost: 5.838 million yuan), but had higher operating costs (1.1531 million yuan/year). Despite its larger heat transfer area (3 904.88 m2) and higher construction cost (12.161 million yuan), Solution 4 achieves a 51.5% cut in annual operating cost (559 300 yuan/year) compared with Solution 1 due to its low entropy generation number. The results indicate that the thermophysical properties of mixed molten salts correlate with the performance and geometric parameters of SWHE, which lays a theoretical foundation and offers practical solutions for molten salt formulation screening and SWHE engineering design.

Key words: peak shaving of coal-fired power unit, thermophysical properties of molten salt, spiral-wound tube heat exchanger, heat exchanger design, multi-objective optimization, correlation analysis

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