基于图像奇异值分解的局部遮挡光伏阵列输出特性建模研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2023.02.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为精确评估复杂局部遮挡状态下光伏阵列的发电性能，提出一种基于图像奇异值分解的光伏阵列输出特性建模方法。通过鲸鱼优化-随机奇异值分解准确提取遮挡类型、轮廓特征，精确定位遮挡至电池片，提取遮挡在每个电池片中占比以构建遮挡状态矩阵；基于单二极管模型，根据遮挡状态矩阵建立光伏阵列局部遮挡模型，实现光伏阵列输出电流-电压特性的快速、准确计算，可为利用光伏电站现场监控照片或视频评估光伏电站发电性能提供应用基础。

关键词: 光伏发电, 光伏阵列, 局部遮挡, 鲸鱼优化, 随机奇异值分解, 图像处理, 输出特性, 现场监控

Abstract:

In order to accurately evaluate the power generation performance of a photovoltaic（PV） array under complex partial shading conditions， a modeling method for PV array output characteristics based on image singular value decomposition is proposed. The occlusion type and contour features of the model can be accurately extracted by whale optimization-random singular value decomposition. The locating of occlusion areas can be accurate to a single PV cell. Then the proportion of the occlusion area on each cell is obtained to construct the occlusion state matrix. Based on the single diode model， the partial occlusion model of the PV array is established according to the occlusion state matrix. The modeling realizes the fast and accurate calculation of current-voltage（I-V） characteristics， and supports the generation performance evaluation of PV power plants according to on-site monitoring photos or videos.

Key words: PV generation, PV array, partial occlusion, whale optimization, random singular value decomposition, image processing, output characteristic, on-site supervision

中图分类号:

TK51：TM615

丁坤, 刘增泉, 张经炜, 杨泽南, 李喆雨. 基于图像奇异值分解的局部遮挡光伏阵列输出特性建模研究[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2023, 45(2): 53-60.

DING Kun, LIU Zengquan, ZHANG Jingwei, YANG Zenan, LI Zheyu. Modeling for output characteristics of the partially occluded photovoltaic array based on image singular value decomposition[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2023, 45(2): 53-60.

图/表 13

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

表1

不同类型遮挡的RIoU

遮挡类型	本文算法		文献[12]算法
遮挡类型	附着物 $R I o U$	阴影 $R I o U$	附着物 $R I o U$	阴影 $R I o U$
鸟屎遮挡	0.883	1.000	0.777	1.000
树叶遮挡	0.894	1.000	0.635	0.000
阴影遮挡	1.000	0.978	1.000	0.323
树叶和阴影遮挡	0.913	0.975	0.912	0.533
纸张和阴影遮挡	0.976	0.945	0.975	0.957

表1

表2

表3

图7

表4

图8

表5

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遮挡类型	本文算法耗时	文献[12]算法耗时
鸟屎遮挡	1.319	9.546
树叶遮挡	1.305	9.622
阴影遮挡	1.310	9.330
树叶和阴影遮挡	1.306	9.570
纸张和阴影遮挡	1.330	9.244

参数	数值
最大功率/W	240
最大功率点电流/A	8.1
最大功率点电压/V	29.7
短路电流/A	8.62
开路电压/V	37.3
电流温度系数/(%·℃^-1)	0.047
电压温度系数/(%·℃^-1)	-0.320

遮挡类型	温度/℃	辐照度/（W·m^-2）	开路电压误差/%	短路电流误差/%	最大功率误差/%
树叶遮挡1	48.4	537	0.223 7	2.570 0	1.122 5
树叶遮挡2	49.7	568	0.217 0	2.815 7	1.142 8
树叶遮挡3	49.7	369	0.615 0	2.963 6	2.512 6
阴影遮挡1	49.9	831	0.179 7	1.110 2	3.674 2
阴影遮挡2	49.3	833	0.189 6	0.630 2	8.490 1
阴影遮挡3	46.8	825	0.449 6	2.818 6	5.439 0
纸张遮挡1	56.4	796	0.814 6	2.300 9	1.799 3
纸张遮挡2	51.3	664	1.820 0	2.923 6	3.080 3
纸张遮挡3	59.7	768	0.907 9	2.292 7	7.036 6
树叶阴影遮挡	48.5	820	0.573 8	1.932 6	2.667 1
树叶纸张遮挡	60.1	705	1.898 4	2.180 7	5.062 4
阴影纸张遮挡	50.7	832	0.734 6	1.971 2	3.315 0
树叶阴影纸张遮挡	57.5	609	1.043 5	1.749 9	1.778 3

遮挡类型	温度/℃	辐照度/（W·m^-2）	开路电压误差/%	短路电流误差/%	最大功率误差/%
树叶遮挡	55.4	776	0.234 3	0.579 2	1.609 4
阴影遮挡	53.2	575	0.423 4	1.531 3	0.799 8
纸张遮挡	54.7	836	0.331 5	1.030 9	1.094 5
树叶阴影遮挡	63.8	939	1.116 3	4.988 9	5.208 6
树叶纸张遮挡	65.2	838	1.279 1	4.646 7	4.707 5
纸张阴影遮挡	55.5	692	1.876 8	4.785 6	4.292 7
树叶阴影纸张遮挡	51.7	885	0.906 2	3.697 1	3.697 2