家庭用户燃料电池热电联供系统能量管理策略及配置优化

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.10.009

综合智慧能源 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (10): 77-87.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2025.10.009

• 储能协同策略 • 上一篇

家庭用户燃料电池热电联供系统能量管理策略及配置优化

刘铠诚¹^,²(), 王松岑²(), 何桂雄¹^,², 贾晓强¹^,²(), 李佳昕³(), 王进³(), 续宏³()

1.电网安全全国重点实验室，北京 100192
2.中国电力科学研究院有限公司，北京 100192
3.国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院，太原 030001

收稿日期:2024-10-29 修回日期:2024-12-23 出版日期:2025-02-19
作者简介:刘铠诚（1988），男，高级工程师，博士，从事综合能源、用电侧需求响应等方面的研究，liukaicheng@yeah.net；
王松岑（1979），男，正高级工程师，博士，从事电力电子、综合能源系统与储能技术等方面的研究，wscen@epri.sgcc.com.cn；
何桂雄（1984），男，正高级工程师，博士，从事负荷管理、综合能源与电氢耦合新技术等方面的研究；
贾晓强（1995），男，工程师，硕士，主要从事能效分析、负荷管理与综合能源技术等方面的研究，xqjia001@163.com；
李佳昕（1994），男，工程师，硕士，从事火电调峰调频、电碳协同等方面的研究，18811359791@163.com；
王进（1980），男，高级工程师，硕士，从事汽轮机节能降耗、火电机组网源协调等方面的研究，wangjin800913@163.com；
续宏（1969），男，高级工程师，从事汽轮机试验及空冷试验等方面的研究，xuhong3986@163.com。
基金资助:
国家电网公司科技项目(5419-202155344A-0-0-00)

Energy management strategy and configuration optimization of fuel cell combined heat and power system for household consumers

LIU Kaicheng¹^,²(), WANG Songcen²(), HE Guixiong¹^,², JIA Xiaoqiang¹^,²(), LI Jiaxin³(), WANG Jin³(), XU Hong³()

1. National Key Laboratory of Power Grid Safety， Beijing 100192， China
2. China Electric Power Research Institute， Beijing 100192， China
3. State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute， Taiyuan 030001， China

Received:2024-10-29 Revised:2024-12-23 Published:2025-02-19
Supported by:
Science and Technology Project of State Grid(5419-202155344A-0-0-00)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氢能是清洁零碳、可长期存储、灵活高效的二次能源。基于燃料电池的氢-电相互转化是氢能助力能源电力行业低碳转型的重要应用思路。针对家庭用户用能场景，建立包含燃料电池、电解池、蓄电池、储氢罐、储热水箱等模块的氢燃料电池热电联供系统多单元数学模型，分析典型地区用电、用热负荷需求，提出家庭用户典型日负荷曲线。分别针对峰谷电利用和清洁能源消纳两种典型场景提出系统能量管理策略，并通过多参数联合调试获得各场景下系统初步参数配置方案。采用粒子群优化算法，以经济性为目标函数，开展系统配置优化研究。优化后峰谷电利用和清洁能源消纳场景下系统年均成本分别下降了7.14%和6.15%。

关键词: 热电联供, 家庭用户, 燃料电池, 电解池, 配置优化, 粒子群优化算法, 清洁能源消纳, 氢能

Abstract:

Hydrogen energy is a clean， zero-carbon， long-term storable， flexible， and efficient secondary energy source. The hydrogen-electricity conversion using fuel cells is a crucial application for hydrogen energy to promote the low-carbon transition in the energy and power industry. For household energy use scenarios， a multi-unit mathematical model of a hydrogen fuel cell combined heat and power system was developed， incorporating modules such as fuel cells， electrolytic cells， batteries， hydrogen storage tanks， and heat storage tanks. The electricity and heat load demands of typical regions were analyzed， and a typical daily load curve for household consumers was proposed. Energy management strategies for the system were proposed based on two typical scenarios： peak-valley electricity utilization and clean energy consumption. Preliminary system parameter configurations for each scenario were obtained through multi-parameter joint debugging. The particle swarm optimization algorithm was employed to optimize the system configuration， with economic cost as the objective function. After optimization， the annual average system costs in the scenarios of peak-valley electricity utilization and clean energy consumption were reduced by 7.14% and 6.15%， respectively.

Key words: combined heat and power, household consumers, fuel cell, electrolytic cell, configuration optimization, particle swarm optimization algorithm, clean energy consumption, hydrogen energy

中图分类号:

TK91

刘铠诚, 王松岑, 何桂雄, 贾晓强, 李佳昕, 王进, 续宏. 家庭用户燃料电池热电联供系统能量管理策略及配置优化[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2025, 47(10): 77-87.

LIU Kaicheng, WANG Songcen, HE Guixiong, JIA Xiaoqiang, LI Jiaxin, WANG Jin, XU Hong. Energy management strategy and configuration optimization of fuel cell combined heat and power system for household consumers[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2025, 47(10): 77-87.

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工作设备	主要参数
蓄电池	容量5.000 kW·h，最大充放电功率3 000 W
燃料电池系统	系统发电功率1 000 W
电解池	电解功率5 500 W
储氢罐	体积0.500 m³，最大储氢压力3 MPa

工作设备	主要参数
蓄电池	容量10 kW·h，最大充放电功率3 000 W
燃料电池系统	系统发电功率1 000 W
电解池	电解功率11 000 W
储氢罐	体积0.500 m³，最大储氢压力3 MPa

主要设备参数	优化配置数值	初步配置数值
燃料电池系统功率/W	1 163	1 000
电解池功率/W	5 631	5 500
蓄电池容量/(kW·h)	2.824	5.000
并电网电量/(kW·h)	49.604	5.400
储氢罐容量/m³	0.382	0.500
储热水箱容量/L	200	200
年平均成本/元	25 260	27 201
规划周期/a	20	20

主要设备参数	优化配置数值	初步配置数值
燃料电池系统功率/W	1 363	1 000
电解池功率/W	12 549	11 000
蓄电池容量/（kW·h）	2.023	10.000
并网电量/（kW·h）	5.287	5.300
储氢罐容量/m³	0.426	0.500
储热水箱容量/L	200	200
年平均成本/元	42 324	45 096
年减碳量/t	1.4	1.4
规划周期/a	20	20

家庭用户燃料电池热电联供系统能量管理策略及配置优化

Energy management strategy and configuration optimization of fuel cell combined heat and power system for household consumers

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