Huadian Technology ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 1-10.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.06.001
• Carbon Neutrality and Carbon Peaking System • Next Articles
Received:
2021-05-06
Revised:
2021-05-13
Online:
2021-06-25
Published:
2021-06-25
CLC Number:
ZHANG Jinbin, ZHOU Siwei. Interpretation on carbon neutrality system[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(6): 1-10.
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URL: https://www.hdpower.net/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2021.06.001
Tab.1
Carbon neutrality targets of major countries/regions
国家或 地区 | 碳中和目标 | 备注 | |
---|---|---|---|
年份 | 状态 | ||
阿根廷 | 2050 | 提交UNFCCC | 2020年12月提交联合国[ |
澳大利亚 | 2050—2100 | 对《巴黎协定》的承诺 | |
奥地利 | 2040 | 联盟协定 | 2020年1月联合政府承诺2040年实现气候中和、2030年实现100%清洁电力[ |
比利时 | 2050 | 政策立场 | |
巴西 | 2060 | 提交UNFCCC | 2020年12月提交联合国[ |
加拿大 | 2050 | 政策立场 | 特鲁多总理于2020年11月提交了相关法律草案[ |
中国 | 2060 | 政策立场 | 习近平主席于2020年9月23日,在第七十五届联合国大会一般性辩论上提出: 中国力争2030年前碳达峰,2060年前碳中和[ |
丹麦 | 2050 | 立法 | 2030年起禁售汽/柴油车[ |
欧盟 | 2050 | 政治协定 | 2019年12月“绿色新政”确立欧盟2050年碳中和目标(波兰是唯一持不同意见 的国家,拒绝承诺执行)[ |
芬兰 | 2035 | 联盟协定 | 2019年6月5个政党一致同意强化该国的气候法[ |
法国 | 2050 | 立法 | 2019年6月27日议员投票将净零排放目标纳入法律[ |
匈牙利 | 2050 | 立法 | 2020年6月通过气候中和气候法[ |
德国 | 2050 | 立法 | 德国第1部主要气候法于2019年12月生效,详细列出了未来10年各行业的年度 排放预算[ |
日本 | 2050 | 意向声明 | 2020年10月菅义伟首相宣布,将于2050年前实现碳中和[ |
新西兰 | 2050 | 立法 | 2019年11月立法设定了除生物甲烷(主要来自绵羊和牛)外的所有温室气体的 净零排放目标;到2050年,生物甲烷排放将在2017年的基础上削减24%~47%[ |
挪威 | 2050(实际) 2030(补偿) | 政策立场 | 议会同意国内实现2050年目标,通过国际碳补偿实现2030年目标[ |
新加坡 | 2050—2100 | 提交UNFCCC | 2020年3月提交联合国[ |
南非 | 2050 | 政策立场 | 2020年9月公布了低排放发展战略(LEDS)[ |
韩国 | 2050 | 政策立场 | 2020年10月文在寅总统公开承诺,将于2050年前实现碳中和[ |
西班牙 | 2050 | 立法(草案) | 2020年5月提交法律草案[ |
瑞典 | 2045 | 立法 | 2017年6月立法[ |
瑞士 | 2050 | 提交UNFCCC | 2020年12月提交联合国[ |
乌克兰 | 2060 | 政策立场 | 2021年3月发布的《2030经济战略》中,提出了不晚于2060年实现碳中和的计划[ |
英国 | 2050 | 立法 | 2019年6月立法[ |
美国 | 2050 | 政策立场 | 2021年1月《关于应对国内外气候危机的行政命令》中提出:不迟于2050年实现 全经济范围内净零排放[ |
Tab.2
Radiative efficiencies and GWPs relative to CO2 for common GHGs
温室气体 | 化学分子式 | 辐射效率/(W•m-2•ppb-1) | 给定时间范围内的GWP | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
20年 | 100年 | 500年 | |||
二氧化碳 | CO2 | 1.40×10-5 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
甲烷 | CH4 | 3.70×10-4 | 72 | 25 | 7.6 |
氧化亚氮 | N2O | 3.03×10-3 | 289 | 298 | 153 |
哈龙-1301 | CBrF3 | 0.32 | 8 480 | 7 140 | 2 760 |
哈龙-1211 | CBrClF2 | 0.30 | 4 750 | 1 890 | 575 |
哈龙-1201 | CHBrF2 | 0.14 | 1 380 | 404 | 123 |
哈龙-2402 | CBrF2CBrF2 | 0.33 | 3 680 | 1 640 | 503 |
四氯化碳 | CCl4 | 0.13 | 2 700 | 1 400 | 435 |
甲基氯仿 | CH3CCl3 | 0.06 | 506 | 146 | 45 |
六氟化硫 | SF6 | 0.52 | 16 300 | 22 800 | 32 600 |
三氟化氮 | NF3 | 0.21 | 12 300 | 17 200 | 20 700 |
三氟甲基五氟化硫 | SF5CF3 | 0.57 | 13 200 | 17 700 | 21 200 |
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