Capacity configuration optimization of wind‒solar hydrogen production based on life cycle assessment

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.10.001

Abstract

Abstract:

A wind-solar-hydrogen production complementary system is an important technical method to promote the local renewable energy utilization and reduce wind and solar power curtailment. However， the fluctuation of wind and solar outputs and the variety of system equipment challenge the capacity allocation optimization of wind‒solar‒hydrogen production complementary systems. A life cycle assessment（LCA）method was used to address this problem. Taking the levelized cost of hydrogen（LCOH），carbon emission intensity per unit of hydrogen， and energy loss rate as optimization objectives， an off-grid wind‒solar‒hydrogen production system with an annual production capacity of 20 000 t of hydrogen was constructed based on the improved NSGA-Ⅲ multi-objective optimization algorithm. The carbon emissions and economic benefits of the system were further analyzed. The results showed that after the optimization based on the wind and solar resource characteristics in Inner Mongolia， the LCOH of the system was 25.88 yuan/kg， with a carbon emission intensity of 0.59 kg/kg. The annual renewable energy utilization rate increased to 91.09%， demonstrating efficient resource utilization. The LCA showed that the system's total carbon emissions amounted to 250 300 t， and the carbon emission per unit of hydrogen was reduced by 97.05% compared to that of a typical coal-based hydrogen production system. The research results provide a reasonable reference for the utilization of wind-solar-hydrogen production complementary systems.

Key words: hydrogen production based on renewable energy, wind-solar-hydrogen production complementary system, capacity configuration, multi-objective optimization, life cycle assessment, economic analysis, carbon emission

CLC Number:

TK91

BAI Zhang, HAO Wenjie, LI Qi, HAO hongliang, WEN Caifeng, GUO Su, HUANG Xiankun. Capacity configuration optimization of wind‒solar hydrogen production based on life cycle assessment[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46(10): 1-11.

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项目	单位购置成本	运维成本/投资成本	生命周期/a
风力发电设备	4 600 元/kW	2%	20
光伏发电设备	3 500 元/kW	1%	30
碱性电解槽	4 000 元/kW	2%	20
蓄电池	1 800 元/（kW·h）	4%	10
储氢罐	2 000 元/m³	1%	25

设备	参数	数值
风力发电设备	单机额定功率/kW	2 000
	切入风速/(m·s^-1)	3
	额定风速/(m·s^-1)	11
	切出风速/(m·s^-1)	22
	轮毂中心高度/m	80
光伏发电设备	单板额定功率/W	340
	峰值电压/V	34.2
	峰值电流/A	9.96
	开路电压/V	41.7
	短路电流/A	10.55
碱性电解槽	单台额定功率/kW	5 000
	单台额定制氢量/(m³·h^-1)	1 000
	制氢功率范围	15%~100%
	制氢纯度/%	99.6
蓄电池	SOC范围	0.15~0.85
蓄电池	充电及放电效率/%	98
储氢罐	压力范围/MPa	0.2~5.0
储氢罐	工作温度/℃	25

配置方案	数值
风光发电设备装机规模/MW	242.00
光伏发电设备装机规模/MW	118.60
碱性电解槽装机规模/MW	225.00
蓄电池额定容量/（MW·h）	217
储氢罐额定容量/m³	10 790
平准化制氢成本/(元·kg^-1）	25.88
单位氢气碳排放量/(kg·kg^-1）	0.590 5
系统能量损失率/%	36.24
风光全年发电量/（TW·h）	1.17
系统全年产氢量/t	21 033

指标	售氢价格/(元·kg^-1)
指标	29.76	33.42	37.22
内部收益率/%	10	12	14
净现值/亿元	103.18	110.74	118.59
静态回收期/a	8.37	7.37	6.55
动态回收期/a	14.13	11.24	9.33