Pricing mechanism and optimal scheduling of virtual power plants containing distributed renewable energy and demand response loads

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.10.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Faced with the widespread integration of distributed wind power， photovoltaic power generation， and flexible loads into the grid， aggregating these resources through virtual power plants （VPPs） and adopting a reasonable pricing mechanism to guide users to participate in demand response can effectively enhance the absorption capacity of renewable energy and reduce overall operating costs. Traditional time-of-use pricing mechanisms often struggle to achieve a good match between demand response loads and renewable energy output， which may result in irrational or excessive demand response. To address this， a VPP internal pricing mechanism based on renewable energy output was proposed for VPPs containing distributed wind power， distributed photovoltaic power generation， and flexible loads. Power trading priorities were set to guide the optimal operation of internal VPP resources， with the goal of minimizing the overall operating costs of the VPP. A mixed integer linear programming （MILP） model was constructed for optimal VPP scheduling. Simulation results based on real data from a region in Inner Mongolia show that， compared to optimization results based on traditional time-of-use pricing， this method significantly improves renewable energy utilization and reduces VPP operating costs.

Key words: distributed renewable energy resource, virtual power plant, flexible load, demand response, pricing mechanism, mixed integer linear programming model

CLC Number:

TK01：TM732

LI Mingyang, DONG Zhe. Pricing mechanism and optimal scheduling of virtual power plants containing distributed renewable energy and demand response loads[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46(10): 12-17.

Figures/Tables 7

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时段		p_b(t)	p_s(t)
平时段	12:00—17:00，21:00—24:00	0.64	0.32
峰时段	08:00—12:00，17:00—21:00	1.00	0.53
谷时段	00:00—08:00	0.31	0.15

场景	VPP运行费用/元	新能源消纳率/%
1	381.59	97.02
2	393.60	92.99
3	270.35	99.00