英国新型电力系统建设经验以及对我国省级电网发展启示

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.07.003

综合智慧能源 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 19-32.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.07.003

英国新型电力系统建设经验以及对我国省级电网发展启示

王盛¹(), 谈健², 史文博¹, 邹风华¹, 陈光¹, 王林钰¹, 惠红勋³^,^*(), 郭磊¹

1.国网（苏州）城市能源研究院有限公司,江苏苏州 215163
2.国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院,南京 210008
3.澳门大学智慧城市物联网国家重点实验室,澳门 999078

收稿日期:2022-04-15 修回日期:2022-06-30 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-07-19
通讯作者: 惠红勋
作者简介:王盛（1994）,男,工程师,博士,从事综合能源系统运行与评估、城市能源低碳发展策略研究工作, wangsheng_zju@zju.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(71934007)

Practices of the new power system in the UK and inspiration for the development of provincial power systems in China

WANG Sheng¹(), TAN Jian², SHI Wenbo¹, ZOU Fenghua¹, CHEN Guang¹, WANG Linyu¹, HUI Hongxun³^,^*(), GUO Lei¹

1. State Grid（Suzhou）City & Energy Research Institute Company Limited,Suzhou 215163,China
2. State Grid Jiangsu Economic Research Institute,State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Company Limited,Nanjin 210008,China
3. State Key Laboratory in the Internet of Things for Smart City,University of Macau,Macau 999078,China

Received:2022-04-15 Revised:2022-06-30 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-07-19
Contact: HUI Hongxun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统是推动电力系统清洁低碳转型,落实国家“双碳”战略的重要举措。然而大规模可再生能源的接入可能带来调峰能力不足、局部阻塞加剧和系统惯量缺失等安全稳定运行挑战。英国与我国部分典型省份自然资源禀赋与电力系统情况相近,且在应对高比例可再生能源接入问题上进行了有效的先行探索,因此对我国新型电力系统的建设具有参考价值。首先介绍了英国电力系统发用双侧的转型历程,以及碳排放、消费侧和能源系统三方面的转型目标。其次,从政策法规引导、资源基础建设、电力市场机制、输配系统信息化、技术装备应用和调控运行方式六方面梳理了英国应对高比例可再生能源接入的先行探索。最后,从因地制宜开发利用低碳资源禀赋、顺应技术发展调整政策法规支撑、优化灵活公平统一开放的市场机制、稳步推进新技术应用与数字化转型和积极探索系统升级与运行调控手段五方面归纳了英国新型电力系统建设的经验,并以江苏为例,提出了对我国省级电网的发展启示。

关键词: 碳中和, 新型电力系统, 高比例可再生能源接入, 清洁低碳转型, 英国电力系统, 省级电网

Abstract:

Construction of new energy-oriented power systems motivates the clean and low-carbon transformation of energy systems and the realization of the dual carbon target of China. However,the high-penetration renewable energy may bring the secure operation of power systems great challenges, including insufficient peak regulation capability,intense local congestions and the decline in power system inertia. The natural endowments and the power systems in the UK are similar to that in some typical provinces in China. The UK has been a pioneer in tackling the side effects of the high penetration of renewable energy. Therefore,the experience of the UK can provide valuable suggestions for the development of new power systems in China. Firstly, the transformation process of the power systems in the UK on both supply and demand sides and the transformation goals in terms of carbon emission,energy consumption and energy systems are introduced. The advanced practices of the UK in dealing with renewable energy penetration include the guidance of policies and laws,the construction of fundamental infrastructures,the reform of the electricity market mechanism,the digitalization of power transmission and distribution systems,the application of edging technologies and equipment and the operating adjustment for the power systems. The experience of the UK's new power system construction is summarized and divided into five aspects： developing the low-carbon resources according to local conditions, adjusting policies and regulations in line with cutting-edge technologies, making a flexible, fair, unified and open market mechanism, advancing the application of new technologies and digital transformation and facilitating system upgrades and operation adjustment. Taking the power grid of Jiangsu Province as the example,the inspiration for the development of provincial power systems in China from the UK's experience is expounded.

Key words: carbon neutrality, new power system, high-penetration renewable energy, clean and low-carbon transformation, power system of the UK, provincial power system

中图分类号:

TK01：TM73

王盛, 谈健, 史文博, 邹风华, 陈光, 王林钰, 惠红勋, 郭磊. 英国新型电力系统建设经验以及对我国省级电网发展启示[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2022, 44(7): 19-32.

WANG Sheng, TAN Jian, SHI Wenbo, ZOU Fenghua, CHEN Guang, WANG Linyu, HUI Hongxun, GUO Lei. Practices of the new power system in the UK and inspiration for the development of provincial power systems in China[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2022, 44(7): 19-32.

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频率服务	系统需求	容量要求
动态调节	在±0.5 Hz的法定限值内调节稳态频率	最高300 MW
动态控制	将标准事件下的频率控制在频率风险和控制报告(FRCR)给定的标准范围内	最高1 400 MW
快速备用	60 s内将频率恢复到法定范围（±0.5 Hz）	最高1 400 MW
慢速备用	在15 min内将频率恢复到工作范围(±0.2 Hz)	最高1 400 MW

英国新型电力系统建设经验以及对我国省级电网发展启示

Practices of the new power system in the UK and inspiration for the development of provincial power systems in China

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参考文献 65

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技术/系统需求		惯量	短路电流	无功和电压控制	系统恢复
现有技术	同步机	能	能	能	可能
	飞轮储能	能	可能	能	不能
	静态补偿器	不能	可能	能	—
	抽水蓄能	能	能	能	能
新技术	虚拟同步机	可能	可能	可能	可能
	带储能的电力电子设备	可能	可能	可能	可能
	氢气机组	能	能	能	能
	带CCUS的生物质能	能	能	能	能
	带CCUS的燃气机组	能	能	能	能
	其他电力电子设备	不能	可能	可能	可能

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