Review on the study of protonic ceramic fuel cells' stability

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.08.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Protonic ceramic fuel cells （PCFCs） can work in low temperatures and efficiently utilize and store hydrogen energy. But their commercial application is hampered by the poor battery stability.Under current stage, many PCFC present inferior long-term stability while presenting excellent activity. This study emphasizes on the significance of PCFCs' stability in academic researches and practical applications. The intrinsic factors influencing the stability of the key components of PCFCs, electrolytes and electrodes,were expounded based on their material analyses. The analyses point out that the key to the breakthroughs of batteries' performances lay in improving the stability of the electrolyte and electrode materials. This work will be helpful for exploring the fundamental reasons for the cells' degeneration and provide more reliable references from cell stability improvement in engineering cases.

Key words: PCFC, hydrogen energy, catalytic activity, perovskite oxide, electrolyte, electrode material, interface

CLC Number:

TK91

CAO Jiafeng, LI Xinran, SHAO Shande, JI Yuexia, SHAO Zongping. Review on the study of protonic ceramic fuel cells' stability[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2022, 44(8): 58-67.

Figures/Tables 5

References 41

[1]	OMER A M. Energy,environment and sustainable development[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2008, 12: 2265-2300. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2007.05.001
[2]	CAO J F, JI Y X, SHAO Z P. Perovskites for protonic ceramic fuel cells:A review[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2022, 15: 2200-2232.
[3]	SUMI H, SHIMADA H, YAMAGUCHI Y, et al. Comparison of electrochemical impedance spectra for electrolyte-supported solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs) and protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs)[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11: 10622. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90211-9
[4]	FERGUSON K, DUBOIS A, ALBRECHT K, et al. High performance protonic ceramic fuel cell systems for distributed power generation[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2021, 248: 114763. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114763
[5]	ZHANG H, ZHOU Y C, PEI K, et al. An efficient and durable anode for ammonia protonic ceramic fuel cells[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2022, 15: 287-295.
[6]	KIM J H, HONG J, LIM D K, et al. Water as hole-predatory instrumental to create metal nanoparticles on triple-conducting oxides[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2022, 15: 1097-1105.
[7]	PARK J S, CHOI H J, HAN G D, et al. High-performance protonic ceramic fuel cells with a PrBa_0.5Sr_0.5Co_1.5Fe_0.5O₅₊_δ cathode with palladium-rich interface coating[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2021, 482: 229043. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229043
[8]	YIN Y R, YU S F, DAI H L, et al. Triggering interfacial activity of the traditional La_0.5Sr_0.5MnO₃ cathode with co-doping for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2022, 10: 1726-1734. doi: 10.1039/D1TA09450E
[9]	MEDVEDEV D, MURASHKINA A, PIKALOVA E, et al. BaCeO₃: Materials development, properties and application[J]. Progress in Materials Science, 2014, 60: 72-129. doi: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2013.08.001
[10]	ZUO C D, ZHA S W, LIU M L, et al. Ba(Zr_0.1Ce_0.7Y_0.2)O_3-_δ as an electrolyte for low-temperature solid-oxide fuel cells[J]. Advanced Materials, 2006, 18: 3318-3320. doi: 10.1002/adma.200601366
[11]	XU X, BI L, ZHAO X S. Highly-conductive proton-conducting electrolyte membranes with a low sintering temperature for solid oxide fuel cells[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2018, 558: 17-25. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.04.037
[12]	GUO Y M, LIN Y, RAN R, et al. Zirconium doping effect on the performance of proton-conducting BaZryCe_0.8-_yY_0.2O_3-_δ (0≤y≤0.8) for fuel cell applications[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2009, 193: 400-407. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.03.044
[13]	ZHOU C, SHEN X X, LIU D L, et al. Low thermal-expansion and high proton uptake for protonic ceramic fuel cell cathode[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2022, 530: 231321. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231321
[14]	ZHOU M Y, LIU Z J, CHEN M L, et al. Electrochemical performance and chemical stability of proton-conducting BaZr_0.8-_xCe_xY_0.2O_3-_δ electrolytes[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2022, DOI: 10.1111/jace.18500. doi: 10.1111/jace.18500
[15]	CHEN M L, ZHOU M Y, LIU Z J, et al. A comparative investigation on protonic ceramic fuel cell electrolytes BaZr_0.8Y_0.2O_3-_δ and BaZr_0.1Ce_0.7Y_0.2O_3-_δ with NiO as sintering aid[J]. Ceramics International, 2022, 48: 17208-17216. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.02.278
[16]	YANG L, WANG S Z, BLINN K, et al. Enhanced sulfur and coking tolerance of a mixed ion conductor for SOFCs: BaZr_0.1Ce_0.7Y_0.2-_xYb_xO_3-_δ[J]. Science, 2009, 326: 126-130. doi: 10.1126/science.1174811
[17]	HE F, TENG Z Y, YANG G M, et al. Manipulating cation nonstoichiometry towards developing better electrolyte for self-humidified dual-ion solid oxide fuel cells[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2020, 460:228105. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228105
[18]	GUO R, LI D D, GUAN R, et al. Sn-Dy-Cu triply doped BaZr_0.1Ce_0.7Y_0.2O_3-_δ: A chemically stable and highly proton-conductive electrolyte for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2022, 10: 5352-5362.
[19]	DUAN C C, TONG J H, SHANG M, et al. Readily processed protonic ceramic fuel cells with high performance at low temperatures[J]. Science, 2015, 349: 1321-1326. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3987
[20]	DUAN C C, HOOK D, CHEN Y C, et al. Zr and Y co-doped perovskite as a stable, high performance cathode for solid oxide fuel cells operating below 500 ℃[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2017, 10: 176-182.
[21]	DUAN C C, KEE R, ZHU H Y, et al. Highly efficient reversible protonic ceramic electrochemical cells for power generation and fuel production[J]. Nature Energy, 2019, 4: 230-240. doi: 10.1038/s41560-019-0333-2
[22]	DUAN C C, KEE R J, ZHU H Y, et al. Highly durable, coking and sulfur tolerant,fuel-flexible protonic ceramic fuel cells[J]. Nature, 2018, 557: 217-222. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0082-6
[23]	HUAN D M, ZHANG L, LI X Y, et al. A durable ruddlesden-popper cathode for protonic ceramic fuel cells[J]. ChemSusChem, 2020, 13: 4994-5003. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202001168
[24]	HU D Y, KIM J Y, NIU H J, et al. High-performance protonic ceramic fuel cell cathode using protophilic mixed ion and electron conducting material[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2022, 10: 2559-2566. doi: 10.1039/D1TA07113K
[25]	XIE Y, SHI N, HUAN D M, et al. A stable and efficient cathode for fluorine-containing proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells[J]. ChemSusChem, 2018, 11:3423-3430. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201801193
[26]	BERNUY-LOPEZ C, RIOJA-MONLLOR L, NAKAMURA T, et al. Effect of cation ordering on the performance and chemical stability of layered double perovskite cathodes[J]. Materials, 2018, 11: 196. doi: 10.3390/ma11020196
[27]	SONG Y F, LIU J P, WANG Y H, et al. Nanocomposites: A new opportunity for developing highly active and durable bifunctional air electrodes for reversible protonic ceramic cells[J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 2021, 11:2101899. doi: 10.1002/aenm.202101899
[28]	SHI H G, SU C, XU X M, et al. Building ruddlesden-popper and single perovskite nanocomposites:A new strategy to develop high-performance cathode for protonic ceramic fuel cells[J]. Small, 2021, 17: e2101872.
[29]	SONG Y F, CHEN Y B, WANG W, et al. Self-assembled triple-conducting nanocomposite as a superior protonic ceramic fuel cell cathode[J]. Joule, 2019, 3:2842-2853. doi: 10.1016/j.joule.2019.07.004
[30]	LIANG M Z, ZHU Y J, SONG Y F, et al. A new durable surface nanoparticles-modified perovskite cathode for protonic ceramic fuel cells from selective cation exsolution under oxidizing atmosphere[J]. Advanced Materials, 2022, 34: 2106379. doi: 10.1002/adma.202106379
[31]	ZHANG Y, SHEN L Y, WANG Y H, et al. Enhanced oxygen reduction kinetics of IT-SOFC cathode with PrBaCo₂O₅₊_δ/Gd_0.1Ce_1.9O_2-_δ coherent interface[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2022, 10: 3495-3505. doi: 10.1039/D1TA09615J
[32]	LI Y T, TIAN Y F, LI J, et al. Sr-free orthorhombic perovskite Pr_0.8Ca_0.2Fe_0.8Co_0.2O_3-_δ as a high-performance air electrode for reversible solid oxide cell[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2022, 528.
[33]	SAQIB M, CHOI I G, BAE H, et al. Transition from perovskite to misfit-layered structure materials: A highly oxygen deficient and stable oxygen electrode catalyst[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2021, 14:2472-2484.
[34]	SAFIAN S D, MALEK N IABD, JAMIL Z, et al. Study on the surface segregation of mixed ionic-electronic conductor lanthanum-based perovskite oxide La_1-_xSr_xCo_1-_yFe_yO_3-_δ materials[J]. International Journal of Energy Research, 2022, 46: 7101-7117. doi: 10.1002/er.7733
[35]	TSVETKOV N, LU Q Y, SUN L X, et al. Improved chemical and electrochemical stability of perovskite oxides with less reducible cations at the surface[J]. Nature Materials, 2016, 15:1010-1016. doi: 10.1038/nmat4659
[36]	ZHANG Y, CHEN B, GUAN D Q, et al. Thermal-expansion offset for high-performance fuel cell cathodes[J]. Nature, 2021, 591: 246-251. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03264-1
[37]	CHOI S, KUCHARCZYK C J, LIANG Y G, et al. Exceptional power density and stability at intermediate temperatures in protonic ceramic fuel cells[J]. Nature Energy, 2018, 3:202-210. doi: 10.1038/s41560-017-0085-9
[38]	BIAN W J, WU W, WANG B M, et al. Revitalizing interface in protonic ceramic cells by acid etch[J]. Nature, 2022, 604: 479-485. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04457-y
[39]	DAILLY J L, ANCELIN M, MARRONY M. Long term testing of BCZY-based protonic ceramic fuel cell PCFC: Micro-generation profile and reversible production of hydrogen and electricity[J]. Solid State Ionics, 2017, 306: 69-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ssi.2017.03.002
[40]	BAE K, LEE S, JANG D Y, et al. High-performance protonic ceramic fuel cells with thin-film yttrium-doped barium cerate-zirconate electrolytes on compositionally gradient anodes[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2016, 8: 9097-9103.
[41]	ZHOU Y, GUAN X F, ZHOU H, et al. Strongly correlated perovskite fuel cells[J]. Nature, 2016, 534: 231-234. doi: 10.1038/nature17653