The classes of the main pollution in thermal power plant were introduced. Based on this, the investigation results of the water consumption and the pollutant discharge amount of thermal power plant were expounded. The current situation of water utilization in domestic thermal power plants and the potential in water saving were analyzed; and a water consumption rate prediction model for thermal power plants was built. The improvement measures and scheme for water saving were put forward to raise the water utilization efficiency and reduce the wastewater discharge.